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We propose a simple and effective modeling framework for controlled generation of multiple, diverse outputs. We focus on the setting of generating the next sentence of a story given its context. As controllable dimensions, we consider…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-03 Lifu Tu , Xiaoan Ding , Dong Yu , Kevin Gimpel

What does it mean to create a new concept, rather than retrieve a familiar one? Repeatedly sampling a generative model at the same prompt produces variations with similar styles and typical content. We propose that creativity is the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Mengye Ren

In many applications of computer graphics, art and design, it is desirable for a user to provide intuitive non-image input, such as text, sketch, stroke, graph or layout, and have a computer system automatically generate photo-realistic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-04 Yuan Xue , Yuan-Chen Guo , Han Zhang , Tao Xu , Song-Hai Zhang , Xiaolei Huang

A major challenge in sparsity pattern estimation is that small modes are difficult to detect in the presence of noise. This problem is alleviated if one can observe samples from multiple realizations of the nonzero values for the same…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-07-29 Galen Reeves , Michael Gastpar

A crucial challenge for generative large language models (LLMs) is diversity: when a user's prompt is under-specified, models may follow implicit assumptions while generating a response, which may result in homogenization of the responses,…

Assessing artistic creativity has long challenged researchers, with traditional methods proving time-consuming. Recent studies have applied machine learning to evaluate creativity in drawings, but not paintings. Our research addresses this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Zhehan Zhang , Meihua Qian , Li Luo , Qianyi Gao , Xianyong Wang , Ripon Saha , Xinxin Song

Flow-based text-to-image models follow deterministic trajectories, making it costly to explore diverse modes under limited sampling budgets. Existing approaches to improving diversity often rely on retraining or degrade image fidelity. To…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Jingxuan Wu , Zhenglin Wan , Xingrui Yu , Yuzhe Yang , Bo An , Ivor Tsang , Yang You

Deep generative models have recently achieved significant success in modeling graph data, including dynamic graphs, where topology and features evolve over time. However, unlike in vision and natural language domains, evaluating generative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Ryien Hosseini , Filippo Simini , Venkatram Vishwanath , Rebecca Willett , Henry Hoffmann

When thinking about dressing oneself, people often have a theme in mind whether they're going to a tropical getaway or wish to appear attractive at a cocktail party. A useful outfit generation system should come up with clothing items that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Kedan Li , Chen Liu , David Forsyth

Accurate evaluation of human aesthetic preferences represents a major challenge for creative evolutionary and generative systems research. Prior work has tended to focus on feature measures of the artefact, such as symmetry, complexity and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-09-28 Jon McCormack , Andy Lomas

Humans share with many animal species the ability to perceive and approximately represent the number of objects in visual scenes. This ability improves throughout childhood, suggesting that learning and development play a key role in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Kuinan Hou , Marco Zorzi , Alberto Testolin

Recent advances in generative deep learning have enabled the creation of high-quality synthetic images in text-to-image generation. Prior work shows that fine-tuning a pretrained diffusion model on ImageNet and generating synthetic training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Zhuoran Yu , Chenchen Zhu , Sean Culatana , Raghuraman Krishnamoorthi , Fanyi Xiao , Yong Jae Lee

Quantifying the degree of similarity between images is a key copyright issue for image-based machine learning. In legal doctrine however, determining the degree of similarity between works requires subjective analysis, and fact-finders…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Alessandro Achille , Greg Ver Steeg , Tian Yu Liu , Matthew Trager , Carson Klingenberg , Stefano Soatto

The spectacular success of deep generative models calls for quantitative tools to measure their statistical performance. Divergence frontiers have recently been proposed as an evaluation framework for generative models, due to their ability…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-14 Lang Liu , Krishna Pillutla , Sean Welleck , Sewoong Oh , Yejin Choi , Zaid Harchaoui

When dealing with evolving or multi-dimensional complex systems, network theory provides with elegant ways of describing their constituting components, through respectively time-varying and multi-layer complex networks. Nevertheless, the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-02-13 Massimiliano Zanin , Ernestina Menasalvas , Xiaoqian Sun , Sebastian Wandelt

Generative models typically sample outputs independently, and recent inference-time guidance and scaling algorithms focus on improving the quality of individual samples. However, in real-world applications, users are often presented with a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Gaurav Parmar , Or Patashnik , Daniil Ostashev , Kuan-Chieh Wang , Kfir Aberman , Srinivasa Narasimhan , Jun-Yan Zhu

Texture can be defined as the change of image intensity that forms repetitive patterns, resulting from physical properties of the object's roughness or differences in a reflection on the surface. Considering that texture forms a complex…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-06 Steve Tsham Mpinda Ataky , Alessandro Lameiras Koerich

The effort to understand network systems in increasing detail has resulted in a diversity of methods designed to extract their large-scale structure from data. Unfortunately, many of these methods yield diverging descriptions of the same…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2015-03-27 Tiago P. Peixoto

Assessing the artness of AI-generated images continues to be a challenge within the realm of image generation. Most existing metrics cannot be used to perform instance-level and reference-free artness evaluation. This paper presents…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Junyu Chen , Jie An , Hanjia Lyu , Christopher Kanan , Jiebo Luo

A generative design based on topology optimization provides diverse alternatives as entities in a computational model with a high design degree. However, as the diversity of the generated alternatives increases, the cognitive burden on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Ryo Tsumoto , Kentaro Yaji , Yutaka Nomaguchi , Kikuo Fujita
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