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Numerous Machine Learning (ML) bias-related failures in recent years have led to scrutiny of how companies incorporate aspects of transparency and accountability in their ML lifecycles. Companies have a responsibility to monitor ML…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Emily Dodwell , Cheryl Flynn , Balachander Krishnamurthy , Subhabrata Majumdar , Ritwik Mitra

AI and its relevant technologies, including machine learning, deep learning, chatbots, virtual assistants, and others, are currently undergoing a profound transformation of development and organizational processes within companies.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Tingting Bi , Guangsheng Yu , Qin Wang

The rise of machine learning (ML) is accompanied by several high-profile cases that have stressed the need for fairness, accountability, explainability and trust in ML systems. The existing literature has largely focused on fully automated…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Bhavya Ghai

The emerging trend of advancing generalist artificial intelligence, such as GPTv4 and Gemini, has reshaped the landscape of research (academia and industry) in machine learning and many other research areas. However, domain-specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Xiaosong Wang , Xiaofan Zhang , Guotai Wang , Junjun He , Zhongyu Li , Wentao Zhu , Yi Guo , Qi Dou , Xiaoxiao Li , Dequan Wang , Liang Hong , Qicheng Lao , Tong Ruan , Yukun Zhou , Yixue Li , Jie Zhao , Kang Li , Xin Sun , Lifeng Zhu , Shaoting Zhang

Fairness,the impartial treatment towards individuals or groups regardless of their inherent or acquired characteristics [20], is a critical challenge for the successful implementation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in multiple fields like…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Catalina M Jaramillo , Paul Squires , Julian Togelius

Because artificial intelligence (AI) increasingly mediates organizational work, fairness has become a critical governance challenge. Existing frameworks often prioritize abstract ethical principles rather than fairness-specific ones and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Christoph Burtscher , Mateusz Dolata

While machine learning offers diverse techniques suitable for exploring various medical research questions, a cohesive synergistic framework can facilitate the integration and understanding of new approaches within unified model development…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Ramtin Zargari Marandi , Anne Svane Frahm , Jens Lundgren , Daniel Dawson Murray , Maja Milojevic

The downstream use cases, benefits, and risks of AI models depend significantly on what sort of access is provided to the model, and who it is provided to. Though existing safety frameworks and AI developer usage policies recognise that the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Edward Kembery , Tom Reed

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has made its way into various scientific fields, providing astonishing improvements over existing algorithms for a wide variety of tasks. In recent years, there have been severe concerns over the trustworthiness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Surbhi Mittal , Kartik Thakral , Richa Singh , Mayank Vatsa , Tamar Glaser , Cristian Canton Ferrer , Tal Hassner

The downstream use cases, benefits, and risks of AI systems depend significantly on the access afforded to the system, and to whom. However, the downstream implications of different access styles are not well understood, making it difficult…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Edward Kembery , Ben Bucknall , Morgan Simpson

As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes integral to economy and society, communication gaps between developers, users, and stakeholders hinder trust and informed decision-making. High-level AI labels, inspired by frameworks like EU energy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Raphael Fischer , Magdalena Wischnewski , Alexander van der Staay , Katharina Poitz , Christian Janiesch , Thomas Liebig

The rapid trend of deploying artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) systems in socially consequential domains has raised growing concerns about their trustworthiness, including potential discriminatory behaviours. Research…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Yijun Bian , Lei You , Yuya Sasaki , Haruka Maeda , Akira Igarashi

The governance of open-weight artificial intelligence (AI) models has been framed as a binary choice: openness as risk, restriction as safety. This paper challenges that framing, arguing that access restrictions, without governed…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Vinicius Santana Gomes

The increasing availability of Machine Learning (ML) models, particularly foundation models, enables their use across a range of downstream applications, from scenarios with missing data to safety-critical contexts. This, in principle, may…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Zohaib Arshid , Daniele Bifolco , Fiorella Zampetti , Massimiliano Di Penta

Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications are being used to predict and assess behaviour in multiple domains, such as criminal justice and consumer finance, which directly affect human well-being. However, if AI is to improve people's…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Andrea Aler Tubella , Andreas Theodorou , Virginia Dignum , Frank Dignum

The rapid adoption of open source machine learning (ML) datasets and models exposes today's AI applications to critical risks like data poisoning and supply chain attacks across the ML lifecycle. With growing regulatory pressure to address…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Marcin Spoczynski , Marcela S. Melara , Sebastian Szyller

Open source projects have made incredible progress in producing transparent and widely usable machine learning models and systems, but open source alone will face challenges in fully democratizing access to AI. Unlike software, AI models…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Joshua Tan , Nicholas Vincent , Katherine Elkins , Magnus Sahlgren

The rapid integration of conversational AI systems into educational settings has intensified ethical concerns about academic integrity, fairness, and students' cognitive development. Institutional responses have largely centered on AI…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Eduardo Davalos , Yike Zhang

With the increase in adoption of machine learning tools by organizations risks of unfairness abound, especially when human decision processes in outcomes of socio-economic importance such as hiring, housing, lending, and admissions are…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-09-11 Lily Morse , Mike H. M. Teodorescu , Yazeed Awwad , Gerald Kane

Objective: To develop the AI Product Passport, a standards-based framework improving transparency, traceability, and compliance in healthcare AI via lifecycle-based documentation. Materials and Methods: The AI Product Passport was developed…