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A semantical embedding of input/output logic in classical higher-order logic is presented. This embedding enables the mechanisation and automation of reasoning tasks in input/output logic with off-the-shelf higher-order theorem provers and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-04-20 Christoph Benzmüller , Xavier Parent

We present automated theorem provers for the first-order logic of here and there (HT). They are based on a native sequent calculus for the logic of HT and an axiomatic embedding of the logic of HT into intuitionistic logic. The analytic…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Jens Otten , Torsten Schaub

Deep and shallow embeddings of non-classical logics in classical higher-order logic have been explored, implemented, and used in various reasoning tools in recent years. This paper presents a method for the simultaneous deployment of deep…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Christoph Benzmüller

Large computer-understandable proofs consist of millions of intermediate logical steps. The vast majority of such steps originate from manually selected and manually guided heuristics applied to intermediate goals. So far, machine learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-03-02 Cezary Kaliszyk , François Chollet , Christian Szegedy

DHOL is an extensional, classical logic that equips the well-known higher-order logic (HOL) with dependent types. This allows for concise encodings of important domains like size-bounded data structures, category theory, or proof theory.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Rhea Ranalter , Florian Rabe , Cezary Kaliszyk

Following the types-as-sets paradigm, we present a mechanized embedding of dependent function types with a hierarchy of universes into schematic first-order logic with equality, with axiom schemas of Tarski-Grothendieck set theory. We carry…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Yunsong Yang , Simon Guilloud , Viktor Kunčak

This article describes an evaluation of Automated Theorem Proving (ATP) systems on problems taken from the QMLTP library of first-order modal logic problems. Principally, the problems are translated to both typed first-order and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Alexander Steen , Geoff Sutcliffe , Christoph Benzmüller

We present a generic framework that facilitates object level reasoning with logics that are encoded within the Higher Order Logic theorem proving environment of HOL Light. This involves proving statements in any logic using intuitive…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-01-12 Petros Papapanagiotou , Jacques Fleuriot

The paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the European AI Act in terms of its logical modalities, with the aim of preparing its formal representation, for example, within the logic-pluralistic Knowledge Engineering Framework and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Lara Lawniczak , Christoph Benzmüller

Principia Logico-Metaphysica contains a foundational logical theory for metaphysics, mathematics, and the sciences. It includes a canonical development of Abstract Object Theory [AOT], a metaphysical theory (inspired by ideas of Ernst…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-07-25 Daniel Kirchner , Christoph Benzmüller , Edward N. Zalta

Starting from a generalization of the standard axioms for a monoid we present a stepwise development of various, mutually equivalent foundational axiom systems for category theory. Our axiom sets have been formalized in the Isabelle/HOL…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-10-15 Christoph Benzmüller , Dana S. Scott

This paper seeks to apply categorical logic to the design of artificial intelligent agents that reason symbolically about objects more richly structured than sets. Using Johnstone's sequent calculus of terms- and formulae-in-context, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Ralph Wojtowicz

Higher-order logic HOL offers a very simple syntax and semantics for representing and reasoning about typed data structures. But its type system lacks advanced features where types may depend on terms. Dependent type theory offers such a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Colin Rothgang , Florian Rabe , Christoph Benzmüller

LF is a dependent type theory in which many other formal systems can be conveniently embedded. However, correct use of LF relies on nontrivial metatheoretic developments such as proofs of correctness of decision procedures for LF's…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2010-05-04 Christian Urban , James Cheney , Stefan Berghofer

We present an automated verification of the well-known modal logic cube in Isabelle/HOL, in which we prove the inclusion relations between the cube's logics using automated reasoning tools. Prior work addresses this problem but without…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-08-03 Christoph Benzmüller , Maximilian Claus , Nik Sultana

When faced with the question of how to represent properties in a formal proof system any user has to make design decisions. We have proved three of the theorems from Maskin's 2004 survey article on Auction Theory using the Isabelle/HOL…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-06-04 Marco B. Caminati , Manfred Kerber , Christoph Lange , Colin Rowat

Automated theorem proving in first-order logic is an active research area which is successfully supported by machine learning. While there have been various proposals for encoding logical formulas into numerical vectors -- from simple…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-03-17 Ibrahim Abdelaziz , Veronika Thost , Maxwell Crouse , Achille Fokoue

This paper presents meta-logical investigations based on category theory using the proof assistant Isabelle/HOL. We demonstrate the potential of a free logic based shallow semantic embedding of category theory by providing a formalization…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Jonas Bayer , Aleksey Gonus , Christoph Benzmüller , Dana S. Scott

An approach for encoding abstract dialectical frameworks and their semantics into classical higher-order logic is presented. Important properties and semantic relationships are formally encoded and proven using the proof assistant…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Antoine Martina , Alexander Steen

Isabelle/HOL augments classical higher-order logic with ad-hoc overloading of constant definitions---that is, one constant may have several definitions for non-overlapping types. In this paper, we present a mechanised proof that HOL with…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-05-29 Johannes Åman Pohjola , Arve Gengelbach
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