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Motivated by biological evolution, this paper explains the rationality of Vision Transformer by analogy with the proven practical evolutionary algorithm (EA) and derives that both have consistent mathematical formulation. Then inspired by…

In the last decade, convolutional neural networks (ConvNets) have dominated and achieved state-of-the-art performances in a variety of medical imaging applications. However, the performances of ConvNets are still limited by lacking the…

As deep learning models increasingly find applications in critical domains such as medical imaging, the need for transparent and trustworthy decision-making becomes paramount. Many explainability methods provide insights into how these…

Inspired by biological evolution, we explain the rationality of Vision Transformer by analogy with the proven practical Evolutionary Algorithm (EA) and derive that both of them have consistent mathematical representation. Analogous to the…

For medical image semantic segmentation (MISS), Vision Transformers have emerged as strong alternatives to convolutional neural networks thanks to their inherent ability to capture long-range correlations. However, existing research uses…

Accurate segmentation of organs or lesions from medical images is crucial for reliable diagnosis of diseases and organ morphometry. In recent years, convolutional encoder-decoder solutions have achieved substantial progress in the field of…

Recent advancements in medical image analysis have predominantly relied on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), achieving impressive performance in chest X-ray classification tasks, such as the 92% AUC reported by AutoThorax-Net and the…

The adoption of Vision Transformers (ViTs) based architectures represents a significant advancement in 3D Medical Image (MI) segmentation, surpassing traditional Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models by enhancing global contextual…

Medical image segmentation plays a crucial role in various healthcare applications, enabling accurate diagnosis, treatment planning, and disease monitoring. Traditionally, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) dominated this domain,…

Transformers have demonstrated remarkable performance in natural language processing and computer vision. However, existing vision Transformers struggle to learn from limited medical data and are unable to generalize on diverse medical…

The synergy of long-range dependencies from transformers and local representations of image content from convolutional neural networks (CNNs) has led to advanced architectures and increased performance for various medical image analysis…

Vision Transformers (ViT)s have recently become popular due to their outstanding modeling capabilities, in particular for capturing long-range information, and scalability to dataset and model sizes which has led to state-of-the-art…

Medical image segmentation plays an essential role in developing computer-assisted diagnosis and therapy systems, yet still faces many challenges. In the past few years, the popular encoder-decoder architectures based on CNNs (e.g., U-Net)…

In the past decades, deep neural networks, particularly convolutional neural networks, have achieved state-of-the-art performance in a variety of medical image segmentation tasks. Recently, the introduction of the vision transformer (ViT)…

Medical images exhibit latent anatomical groupings, such as organs, tissues, and pathological regions, that standard Vision Transformers (ViTs) fail to exploit. While recent work like SBM-Transformer attempts to incorporate such structures…

Radiographs are a versatile diagnostic tool for the detection and assessment of pathologies, for treatment planning or for navigation and localization purposes in clinical interventions. However, their interpretation and assessment by…

Accurate segmentation of organs and lesions in medical images is essential for clinical applications including diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment planning. While Vision Transformers (ViTs) have shown impressive segmentation performance,…

Although transformers have become the neural architectures of choice for natural language processing, they require orders of magnitude more training data, GPU memory, and computations in order to compete with convolutional neural networks…

The hybrid architecture of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and Transformer are very popular for medical image segmentation. However, it suffers from two challenges. First, although a CNNs branch can capture the local image features…

Objective: Transformers, born to remedy the inadequate receptive fields of CNNs, have drawn explosive attention recently. However, the daunting computational complexity of global representation learning, together with rigid window…