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The ability to automatically generate large-scale, interactive, and physically realistic 3D environments is crucial for advancing robotic learning and embodied intelligence. However, existing generative approaches often fail to capture the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-19 ChunTeng Chen , YiChen Hsu , YiWen Liu , WeiFang Sun , TsaiChing Ni , ChunYi Lee , Min Sun , YuanFu Yang

The rapid emergence of foundation models, particularly Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision-Language Models (VLMs), has introduced a transformative paradigm in robotics. These models offer powerful capabilities in semantic understanding,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Muhammad Tayyab Khan , Ammar Waheed

Foundation models pretrained on diverse data at scale have demonstrated extraordinary capabilities in a wide range of vision and language tasks. When such models are deployed in real world environments, they inevitably interface with other…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Sherry Yang , Ofir Nachum , Yilun Du , Jason Wei , Pieter Abbeel , Dale Schuurmans

Foundation models (FMs) are recognized as a transformative breakthrough that has started to reshape the future of artificial intelligence (AI) across both academia and industry. The integration of FMs into wireless networks is expected to…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Han Zhang , Mohammad Farzanullah , Mohammad Ghassemi , Akram Bin Sediq , Ali Afana , Melike Erol-Kantarci

Foundation models (FMs) are catalyzing a transformative shift in materials science (MatSci) by enabling scalable, general-purpose, and multimodal AI systems for scientific discovery. Unlike traditional machine learning models, which are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Minh-Hao Van , Prateek Verma , Chen Zhao , Xintao Wu

Following recent advances in flexible electronics and programmable metasurfaces, flexible intelligent metasurfaces (FIMs) have emerged as a promising enabling technology for next-generation wireless networks. A FIM is a morphable…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-13 Ahmed Magbool , Vaibhav Kumar , Marco Di Renzo , Mark F. Flanagan

Foundation models have revolutionized artificial intelligence, setting new benchmarks in performance and enabling transformative capabilities across a wide range of vision and language tasks. However, despite the prevalence of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Adam Goodge , Wee Siong Ng , Bryan Hooi , See Kiong Ng

Pre-trained Foundation Models (PFMs) have ushered in a paradigm-shift in Artificial Intelligence, due to their ability to learn general-purpose representations that can be readily employed in a wide range of downstream tasks. While PFMs…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Pasquale Balsebre , Weiming Huang , Gao Cong , Yi Li

The integration of foundation models (FMs) into robotics has accelerated real-world deployment, while introducing new safety challenges arising from open-ended semantic reasoning and embodied physical action. These challenges require safety…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-05 Joonkyung Kim , Wenxi Chen , Davood Soleymanzadeh , Yi Ding , Xiangbo Gao , Zhengzhong Tu , Ruqi Zhang , Fan Fei , Sushant Veer , Yiwei Lyu , Minghui Zheng , Yan Gu

Foundation models (FMs) are changing the way medical images are analyzed by learning from large collections of unlabeled data. Instead of relying on manually annotated examples, FMs are pre-trained to learn general-purpose visual features…

Mobility Foundation Models (MFMs) have advanced the modeling of human movement patterns, yet they face a ceiling due to limitations in data scale and semantic understanding. While Large Language Models (LLMs) offer powerful semantic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Fanjin Meng , Yuan Yuan , Jingtao Ding , Jie Feng , Chonghua Han , Yong Li

In this article, we explore the potential of zero-shot Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) in the domain of drone perception. We focus on person detection and action recognition tasks and evaluate two prominent LMMs, namely YOLO-World and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Christian Limberg , Artur Gonçalves , Bastien Rigault , Helmut Prendinger

Deep learning-based methods have been widely researched in the areas of language and vision, demonstrating their capacity to understand long sequences of data and their usefulness in numerous helio-physics applications. Foundation models…

Foundation models (FMs) are increasingly used to bridge language and action in embodied agents, yet the operational characteristics of different FM integration strategies remain under-explored -- particularly for complex instruction…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Xiuchao Sui , Daiying Tian , Qi Sun , Ruirui Chen , Dongkyu Choi , Kenneth Kwok , Soujanya Poria

Remote sensing lightweight foundation models have achieved notable success in online perception within remote sensing. However, their capabilities are restricted to performing online inference solely based on their own observations and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Zhechao Wang , Peirui Cheng , Pengju Tian , Yuchao Wang , Mingxin Chen , Shujing Duan , Zhirui Wang , Xinming Li , Xian Sun

The rapid advancement of foundation models (FMs) across language, image, audio, and video domains has shown remarkable capabilities in diverse tasks. However, the proliferation of FMs brings forth a critical challenge: the potential to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Pranab Sahoo , Prabhash Meharia , Akash Ghosh , Sriparna Saha , Vinija Jain , Aman Chadha

Interactive world models that simulate object dynamics are crucial for robotics, VR, and AR. However, it remains a significant challenge to learn physics-consistent dynamics models from limited real-world video data, especially for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Yu Yang , Zhilu Zhang , Xiang Zhang , Yihan Zeng , Hui Li , Wangmeng Zuo

Image segmentation foundation models (SFMs) like Segment Anything Model (SAM) have achieved impressive zero-shot and interactive segmentation across diverse domains. However, they struggle to segment objects with certain structures,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Yixin Zhang , Nicholas Konz , Kevin Kramer , Maciej A. Mazurowski

Following its success for vision and text, the "foundation model" (FM) paradigm -- pretraining large models on massive data, then fine-tuning on target tasks -- has rapidly expanded to domains in the sciences, engineering, healthcare, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Zongzhe Xu , Ritvik Gupta , Wenduo Cheng , Alexander Shen , Junhong Shen , Ameet Talwalkar , Mikhail Khodak

Vision systems to see and reason about the compositional nature of visual scenes are fundamental to understanding our world. The complex relations between objects and their locations, ambiguities, and variations in the real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Muhammad Awais , Muzammal Naseer , Salman Khan , Rao Muhammad Anwer , Hisham Cholakkal , Mubarak Shah , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Fahad Shahbaz Khan