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Vision Transformer(ViT) is one of the most widely used models in the computer vision field with its great performance on various tasks. In order to fully utilize the ViT-based architecture in various applications, proper visualization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Saebom Leem , Hyunseok Seo

Gaze communication plays a crucial role in daily social interactions. Quantifying this behavior can help in human-computer interaction and digital phenotyping. While end-to-end models exist for gaze target detection, they only utilize a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Ryan Anthony Jalova de Belen , Gelareh Mohammadi , Arcot Sowmya

The Vision Transformer (ViT) architecture has become widely recognized in computer vision, leveraging its self-attention mechanism to achieve remarkable success across various tasks. Despite its strengths, ViT's optimization remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Haoyu Yun , Hamid Krim

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently shown strong potential for robot learning by following language instructions. However, in practice, language alone is often insufficient to precisely convey human intent. It is difficult to…

This study presents a novel framework for 3D gaze tracking tailored for mixed-reality settings, aimed at enhancing joint attention and collaborative efforts in team-based scenarios. Conventional gaze tracking, often limited by monocular…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Eduardo Davalos , Yike Zhang , Ashwin T. S. , Joyce H. Fonteles , Umesh Timalsina , Guatam Biswas

Human eye gaze plays a significant role in many virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR) applications, such as gaze-contingent rendering, gaze-based interaction, or eye-based activity recognition. However, prior works on gaze analysis and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Zhiming Hu , Jiahui Xu , Syn Schmitt , Andreas Bulling

Gaze object detection and gaze following are fundamental tasks for interpreting human gaze behavior or intent. However, most previous methods usually solve these two tasks separately, and their prediction of gaze objects and gaze following…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Yang Jin , Guangyu Guo , Binglu Wang

A person's gaze offers valuable insights into their focus of attention, level of social engagement, and confidence. In this work, we investigate how contextual cues combined with visual scene and facial information can be effectively…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Surbhi Madan , Shreya Ghosh , Ramanathan Subramanian , Abhinav Dhall , Tom Gedeon

Accurate 3D gaze estimation in unconstrained real-world environments remains a significant challenge due to variations in appearance, head pose, occlusion, and the limited availability of in-the-wild 3D gaze datasets. To address these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Pierre Vuillecard , Jean-Marc Odobez

Human motion prediction is important for many virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR) applications such as collision avoidance and realistic avatar generation. Existing methods have synthesised body motion only from observed past motion,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Haodong Yan , Zhiming Hu , Syn Schmitt , Andreas Bulling

Eye gaze offers valuable cues about attention, short-term intent, and future actions, making it a powerful signal for modeling egocentric behavior. In this work, we propose a gaze-regularized framework that enhances VLMs for two key…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Anupam Pani , Yanchao Yang

In recent years, the integration of vision and language understanding has led to significant advancements in artificial intelligence, particularly through Vision-Language Models (VLMs). However, existing VLMs face challenges in handling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Kun Yan , Lei Ji , Zeyu Wang , Yuntao Wang , Nan Duan , Shuai Ma

Gaze is an essential prompt for analyzing human behavior and attention. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in determining gaze direction from facial videos. However, video gaze estimation faces significant challenges, such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Swati Jindal , Mohit Yadav , Roberto Manduchi

Human intention is an internal, mental characterization for acquiring desired information. From interactive interfaces containing either textual or graphical information, intention to perceive desired information is subjective and strongly…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Shahed Anzarus Sabab , Mohammad Ridwan Kabir , Sayed Rizban Hussain , Hasan Mahmud , Md. Kamrul Hasan , Husne Ara Rubaiyeat

Recent advancements in eye tracking technology are driving the adoption of gaze-assisted interaction as a rich and accessible human-computer interaction paradigm. Gaze-assisted interaction serves as a contextual, non-invasive, and explicit…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2018-03-14 Vijay Rajanna , Tracy Hammond

Gaze following requires both scene understanding and gaze reasoning to localize the gaze target of an in-scene person. Recently, vision foundation models (VFMs) have demonstrated strong performance on this task, enabling simpler…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Shijing Wang , Yaping Huang , Chaoqun Cui , David Wong , Yihua Cheng , Alexandros Neophytou , Hyung Jin Chang

In this paper, we propose an effective and efficient method for Human-Gaze-Target (HGT) detection, i.e., gaze following. Current approaches decouple the HGT detection task into separate branches of salient object detection and human gaze…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-25 Danyang Tu , Xiongkuo Min , Huiyu Duan , Guodong Guo , Guangtao Zhai , Wei Shen

We address the problem of detecting attention targets in video. Our goal is to identify where each person in each frame of a video is looking, and correctly handle the case where the gaze target is out-of-frame. Our novel architecture…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-01 Eunji Chong , Yongxin Wang , Nataniel Ruiz , James M. Rehg

Gaze is a valuable means of communication for impaired people with extremely limited motor capabilities. However, robust gaze-based intent recognition in multi-object environments is challenging due to gaze noise, micro-saccades, viewpoint…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Yuzhi Lai , Shenghai Yuan , Peizheng Li , Andreas Zell

Gaze understanding unifies the detection of people, their gaze targets, and objects of interest into a single framework, offering critical insight into visual attention and intent estimation. Although prior research has modelled gaze cues…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Athul M. Mathew , Haithem Hermassi , Thariq Khalid , Arshad Ali Khan