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This paper presents an annotated dataset of brain MRI images designed to advance the field of brain symmetry study. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has gained interest in analyzing brain symmetry in neonatal infants, and challenges remain…

Active learning is commonly used to train label-efficient models by adaptively selecting the most informative queries. However, most active learning strategies are designed to either learn a representation of the data (e.g., embedding or…

Measuring and testing dependence between complex objects is of great importance in modern statistics. Most existing work relied on the distance between random variables, which inevitably required the moment conditions to guarantee the…

Humans have remarkable selective sensitivity to identities -- easily distinguishing between highly similar identities, even across significantly different contexts such as diverse viewpoints or lighting. Vision models have struggled to…

Problem definition: A key challenge in supervised learning is data scarcity, which can cause prediction models to overfit to the training data and perform poorly out of sample. A contemporary approach to combat overfitting is offered by…

Large-scale Hierarchical Classification (HC) involves datasets consisting of thousands of classes and millions of training instances with high-dimensional features posing several big data challenges. Feature selection that aims to select…

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remains a challenging condition to diagnose effectively and promptly, despite global efforts in public health, clinical screening, and scientific research. Traditional diagnostic methods, primarily reliant on…

Feature extraction and matching are among central problems of computer vision. It is inefficent to search features over all locations and scales. Neurophysiological evidence shows that to locate objects in a digital image the human visual…

Researchers recently found out that sometimes language models achieve high accuracy on benchmark data set, but they can not generalize very well with even little changes to the original data set. This is sometimes due to data artifacts,…

Investigation of the underlying physics or biology from empirical data requires a quantifiable notion of similarity - when do two observed data sets indicate nearly identical generating processes, and when they do not. The discriminating…

Most existing person re-identification (re-id) methods focus on learning the optimal distance metrics across camera views. Typically a person's appearance is represented using features of thousands of dimensions, whilst only hundreds of…

Fairness concerns are increasingly critical as machine learning models are deployed in high-stakes applications. While existing fairness-aware methods typically intervene at the model level, they often suffer from high computational costs,…

An increasingly important goal of psychiatry is the use of brain imaging data to develop predictive models. Here we present two contributions to statistical methodology for this purpose. First, we propose and compare a set of wavelet-domain…

Machine learning methods are used to discover complex nonlinear relationships in biological and medical data. However, sophisticated learning models are computationally unfeasible for data with millions of features. Here we introduce the…

Many real-world problems can be formulated as the alignment between two geometric patterns. Previously, a great amount of research focus on the alignment of 2D or 3D patterns in the field of computer vision. Recently, the alignment problem…

Measurement bridges theory and empirics. Without measures that appropriately capture theoretical concepts, description will fail to represent reality and true causal inference will be impossible. Yet, the social sciences traffic in complex…

The aim of this research is to detect small objects with low resolution and noise. The existing real time object detection algorithm is based on the deep neural network of convolution need to perform multilevel convolution and pooling…

We establish normal approximation in the Wasserstein metric for both non-degenerate and degenerate second-order U-statistics under cross-sectional dependence using Stein's method. For the non-degenerate case, our results extend recent…

Unsupervised machine learning, and in particular data clustering, is a powerful approach for the analysis of datasets and identification of characteristic features occurring throughout a dataset. It is gaining popularity across scientific…

Estimating the ratio of two probability densities from a finite number of observations is a central machine learning problem. A common approach is to construct estimators using binary classifiers that distinguish observations from the two…