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Inverse problems involving partial differential equations (PDEs) can be seen as discovering a mapping from measurement data to unknown quantities, often framed within an operator learning approach. However, existing methods typically rely…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-02-10 Sung Woong Cho , Hwijae Son

Elliptic partial differential equations (PDEs) are a major class of time-independent PDEs that play a key role in many scientific and engineering domains such as fluid dynamics, plasma physics, and solid mechanics. Recently, neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Haixin Wang , Jiaxin Li , Anubhav Dwivedi , Kentaro Hara , Tailin Wu

Fractional-order differential equations (FDEs) enhance traditional differential equations by extending the order of differential operators from integers to real numbers, offering greater flexibility in modeling complex dynamical systems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Qiyu Kang , Xuhao Li , Kai Zhao , Wenjun Cui , Yanan Zhao , Weihua Deng , Wee Peng Tay

The numerical solution of high dimensional partial differential equations (PDEs) is severely constrained by the curse of dimensionality (CoD), rendering classical grid--based methods impractical beyond a few dimensions. In recent years,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-27 Wenzhong Zhang , Zheyuan Hu , Wei Cai , George EM Karniadakis

Recent work in deep learning focuses on solving physical systems in the Ordinary Differential Equation or Partial Differential Equation. This current work proposed a variant of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) that can learn the hidden…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Mansura Habiba , Barak A. Pearlmutter

Scientific machine learning is an emerging field that broadly describes the combination of scientific computing and machine learning to address challenges in science and engineering. Within the context of differential equations, this has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Laurens R. Lueg , Victor Alves , Daniel Schicksnus , John R. Kitchin , Carl D. Laird , Lorenz T. Biegler

Partial Differential Equation (PDE) problems often exhibit strong local spatial structures, and effectively capturing these structures is critical for approximating their solutions. Recently, the Fourier Neural Operator (FNO) has emerged as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Chaoyu Liu , Davide Murari , Lihao Liu , Yangming Li , Chris Budd , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb

Neural ordinary differential equations (NODEs), one of the most influential works of the differential equation-based deep learning, are to continuously generalize residual networks and opened a new field. They are currently utilized for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Woojin Cho , Seunghyeon Cho , Hyundong Jin , Jinsung Jeon , Kookjin Lee , Sanghyun Hong , Dongeun Lee , Jonghyun Choi , Noseong Park

The computational overhead of traditional numerical solvers for partial differential equations (PDEs) remains a critical bottleneck for large-scale parametric studies and design optimization. We introduce a Minimal-Data Parametric Neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Qiyun Cheng , Md Hossain Sahadath , Huihua Yang , Shaowu Pan , Wei Ji

We introduce a method that combines neural operators, physics-informed machine learning, and standard numerical methods for solving PDEs. The proposed approach extends each of the aforementioned methods and unifies them within a single…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Shahed Rezaei , Reza Najian Asl , Kianoosh Taghikhani , Ahmad Moeineddin , Michael Kaliske , Markus Apel

We design a physics-aware auto-encoder to specifically reduce the dimensionality of solutions arising from convection-dominated nonlinear physical systems. Although existing nonlinear manifold learning methods seem to be compelling tools to…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-09-15 Rambod Mojgani , Maciej Balajewicz

Developing neural operators that accurately predict the behavior of systems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs) across unseen parameter regimes is crucial for robust generalization in scientific and engineering applications.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Eva van Tegelen , Taniya Kapoor , George A. K. van Voorn , Peter van Heijster , Ioannis N. Athanasiadis

Neural Ordinary Differential Equations (NODEs) are a new class of models that transform data continuously through infinite-depth architectures. The continuous nature of NODEs has made them particularly suitable for learning the dynamics of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Alexander Norcliffe , Cristian Bodnar , Ben Day , Nikola Simidjievski , Pietro Liò

Data-driven methods have emerged as powerful tools for modeling the responses of complex nonlinear materials directly from experimental measurements. Among these methods, the data-driven constitutive models present advantages in physical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Jihong Wang , Xiaochuan Tian , Zhongqiang Zhang , Stewart Silling , Siavash Jafarzadeh , Yue Yu

Physics-informed deep learning often faces optimization challenges due to the complexity of solving partial differential equations (PDEs), which involve exploring large solution spaces, require numerous iterations, and can lead to unstable…

Predicting the microstructural and morphological evolution of materials through phase-field modelling is computationally intensive, particularly for high-throughput parametric studies. While neural operators such as the Fourier neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Nanxi Chen , Airong Chen , Rujin Ma

Learning PDE dynamics from limited data with unknown physics is challenging. Existing neural PDE solvers either require large datasets or rely on known physics (e.g., PDE residuals or handcrafted stencils), leading to limited applicability.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Han Wan , Rui Zhang , Hao Sun

The neural operator (NO) framework has emerged as a powerful tool for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). Recent NOs are dominated by the Transformer architecture, which offers NOs the capability to capture long-range…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Xi Han , Jingwei Zhang , Dimitris Samaras , Fei Hou , Hong Qin

Solving parametric partial differential equations (PDEs) and associated PDE-based, inverse problems is a central task in engineering and physics, yet existing neural operator methods struggle with high-dimensional, discontinuous inputs and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Yaohua Zang , Phaedon-Stelios Koutsourelakis

Partial differential equations (PDEs) are central to describing complex physical system simulations. Their expensive solution techniques have led to an increased interest in deep neural network based surrogates. However, the practical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Jayesh K. Gupta , Johannes Brandstetter