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Introduction: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease that affects millions of people across the globe. MS can critically affect different organs of the central nervous system such as the eyes, the spinal cord, and the brain.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-21 Atif Shah , Maged S. Al-Shaibani , Moataz Ahmad , Reem Bunyan

Surgical resection is a common procedure in the treatment of pediatric posterior fossa tumors. However, surgical damage is often unavoidable and its association with postoperative complications is not well understood. A reliable…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-07 Silu Zhang , Stuart McAfee , Zoltan Patay , Matthew Scoggins

The analysis of animal cross section images, such as cross sections of laboratory mice, is critical in assessing the effect of experimental drugs such as the biodistribution of candidate compounds in preclinical drug development stage.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-18 Naveen Ashish , Mi-Youn Brusniak

We present an end-to-end deep learning framework for automated liver cirrhosis stage estimation from multi-sequence MRI. Cirrhosis is the severe scarring (fibrosis) of the liver and a common endpoint of various chronic liver diseases. Early…

Cortical lesions (CLs) have emerged as valuable biomarkers in multiple sclerosis (MS), offering high diagnostic specificity and prognostic relevance. However, their routine clinical integration remains limited due to subtle magnetic…

Camera calibration involves estimating camera parameters to infer geometric features from captured sequences, which is crucial for computer vision and robotics. However, conventional calibration is laborious and requires dedicated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Kang Liao , Lang Nie , Shujuan Huang , Chunyu Lin , Jing Zhang , Yao Zhao , Moncef Gabbouj , Dacheng Tao

MRI is preferred over CT in paediatric imaging because it avoids ionising radiation, but its use in spine deformity assessment is largely limited by the lack of automated, high-resolution 3D bony reconstruction, which continues to rely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Nathasha Naranpanawa , Maree T. Izatt , Robert D. Labrom , Geoffrey N. Askin , J. Paige Little

Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is a prevalent spinal deformity whose progression can be mitigated through early detection. Conventional screening methods are often subjective, difficult to scale, and reliant on specialized clinical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Dong Chen , Zizhuang Wei , Jialei Xu , Xinyang Sun , Zonglin He , Meiru An , Huili Peng , Yong Hu , Kenneth MC Cheung

Schizophrenia is a severe mental health condition that requires a long and complicated diagnostic process. However, early diagnosis is vital to control symptoms. Deep learning has recently become a popular way to analyse and interpret…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Daniel Organisciak , Hubert P. H. Shum , Ephraim Nwoye , Wai Lok Woo

Background: An early diagnosis together with an accurate disease progression monitoring of multiple sclerosis is an important component of successful disease management. Prior studies have established that multiple sclerosis is correlated…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-28 Emil Svoboda , Tomáš Bořil , Jan Rusz , Tereza Tykalová , Dana Horáková , Charles R. G. Guttman , Krastan B. Blagoev , Hiroto Hatabu , Vlad I. Valtchinov

LiDAR-based localization and SLAM often rely on iterative matching algorithms, particularly the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm, to align sensor data with pre-existing maps or previous scans. However, ICP is prone to errors in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Minoo Dolatabadi , Fardin Ayar , Ehsan Javanmardi , Manabu Tsukada , Mahdi Javanmardi

Three-dimensional facial stereophotogrammetry provides a detailed representation of craniofacial soft tissue without the use of ionizing radiation. While manual annotation of landmarks serves as the current gold standard for cephalometric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Bo Berends , Freek Bielevelt , Ruud Schreurs , Shankeeth Vinayahalingam , Thomas Maal , Guido de Jong

Whole brain extraction, also known as skull stripping, is a process in neuroimaging in which non-brain tissue such as skull, eyeballs, skin, etc. are removed from neuroimages. Skull striping is a preliminary step in presurgical planning,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-05 Sara Ranjbar , Kyle W. Singleton , Lee Curtin , Cassandra R. Rickertsen , Lisa E. Paulson , Leland S. Hu , J. Ross Mitchell , Kristin R. Swanson

Pathological slowing in the electroencephalogram (EEG) is widely investigated for the diagnosis of neurological disorders. Currently, the gold standard for slowing detection is the visual inspection of the EEG by experts, which is…

This paper aims to evaluate the suitability of current deep learning methods for clinical workflow especially by focusing on dermatology. Although deep learning methods have been attempted to get dermatologist level accuracy in several…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-18 Sourav Mishra , Subhajit Chaudhury , Hideaki Imaizumi , Toshihiko Yamasaki

Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a non-invasive breast cancer that can progress into invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). Studies suggest DCIS is often overtreated since a considerable part of DCIS lesions may never progress into IDC. Lower…

Diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) analyzes the autocorrelation function of photons scattered by red blood cells, enabling non-invasive, continuous measurement of deep tissue blood flow at the bedside. Multi-layer DCS models (two- and…

Vertebral body compression fractures are reliable early signs of osteoporosis. Though these fractures are visible on Computed Tomography (CT) images, they are frequently missed by radiologists in clinical settings. Prior research on…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-21 Maxim Pisov , Vladimir Kondratenko , Alexey Zakharov , Alexey Petraikin , Victor Gombolevskiy , Sergey Morozov , Mikhail Belyaev

Accurate and reliable registration of longitudinal spine images is essential for assessment of disease progression and surgical outcome. Implementing a fully automatic and robust registration is crucial for clinical use, however, it is…

Vertebral labelling and segmentation are two fundamental tasks in an automated spine processing pipeline. Reliable and accurate processing of spine images is expected to benefit clinical decision-support systems for diagnosis, surgery…