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Energy management systems (EMS) are becoming increasingly important in order to utilize the continuously growing curtailed renewable energy. Promising energy storage systems (ESS), such as batteries and green hydrogen should be employed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Dongju Kang , Doeun Kang , Sumin Hwangbo , Haider Niaz , Won Bo Lee , J. Jay Liu , Jonggeol Na

Reinforcement learning techniques achieved human-level performance in several tasks in the last decade. However, in recent years, the need for interpretability emerged: we want to be able to understand how a system works and the reasons…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-13 Leonardo Lucio Custode , Giovanni Iacca

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has recently achieved significant advances in various domains. However, explaining the policy of RL agents still remains an open problem due to several factors, one being the complexity of explaining neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Zihan Ding , Pablo Hernandez-Leal , Gavin Weiguang Ding , Changjian Li , Ruitong Huang

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has achieved remarkable success in various research domains. However, its reliance on neural networks results in a lack of transparency, which limits its practical applications. To achieve explainability,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Yongyan Wen , Siyuan Li , Rongchang Zuo , Lei Yuan , Hangyu Mao , Peng Liu

Variable renewable generation increases the challenge of balancing power supply and demand. Grid-scale batteries co-located with generation can help mitigate this misalignment. This paper explores the use of reinforcement learning (RL) for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Caleb Ju , Constance Crozier

This paper presents a trustworthy reinforcement learning approach for the control of industrial compressed air systems. We develop a framework that enables safe and energy-efficient operation under realistic boundary conditions and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Vincent Bezold , Patrick Wagner , Jakob Hofmann , Marco Huber , Alexander Sauer

Understandable and persuasive recommendations support the electricity consumers' behavioral change to tackle the energy efficiency problem. Generating load shifting recommendations for household appliances as explainable increases the…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-01-05 Alona Zharova , Annika Boer , Julia Knoblauch , Kai Ingo Schewina , Jana Vihs

The global energy landscape is undergoing a transformation towards decarbonization, sustainability, and cost-efficiency. In this transition, microgrid systems integrated with renewable energy sources (RES) and energy storage systems (ESS)…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-05 Fulong Yao , Wanqing Zhao , Matthew Forshaw , Yang Song

Energy storage devices, such as batteries, thermal energy storages, and hydrogen systems, can help mitigate climate change by ensuring a more stable and sustainable power supply. To maximize the effectiveness of such energy storage,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Jaeik Jeong , Tai-Yeon Ku , Wan-Ki Park

Recent advancements in machine learning based energy management approaches, specifically reinforcement learning with a safety layer (OptLayerPolicy) and a metaheuristic algorithm generating a decision tree control policy (TreeC), have shown…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-26 Julian Ruddick , Glenn Ceusters , Gilles Van Kriekinge , Evgenii Genov , Cedric De Cauwer , Thierry Coosemans , Maarten Messagie

Renewable energy integration into microgrids has become a key approach to addressing global energy issues such as climate change and resource scarcity. However, the variability of renewable sources and the rising occurrence of High Impact…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-12 Mohammad Hossein Nejati Amiri , Fawaz Annaz , Mario De Oliveira , Florimond Gueniat

The power consumption of households has been constantly growing over the years. To cope with this growth, intelligent management of the consumption profile of the households is necessary, such that the households can save the electricity…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-06-30 Hwei-Ming Chung , Sabita Maharjan , Yan Zhang , Frank Eliassen

The global energy landscape is undergoing a profound transformation, often referred to as the energy transition, driven by the urgent need to mitigate climate change, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and ensure sustainable energy supplies.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Stavros Sykiotis

This research presents a novel application of Evolutionary Computation to the domain of residential electric vehicle (EV) energy management. While reinforcement learning (RL) achieves high performance in vehicle-to-grid (V2G) optimization,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Vishesh Purnananda , Benjamin John Wruck , Mingyu Guo

Motivated by recent advancements in Deep Reinforcement Learning (RL), we have developed an RL agent to manage the operation of storage devices in a household and is designed to maximize demand-side cost savings. The proposed technique is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-31 Hareesh Kumar , Priyanka Mary Mammen , Krithi Ramamritham

Reinforcement learning (RL)-based methods have achieved significant success in managing grid-interactive efficient buildings (GEBs). However, RL does not carry intrinsic guarantees of constraint satisfaction, which may lead to severe safety…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-13 Xiang Huo , Boming Liu , Jin Dong , Jianming Lian , Mingxi Liu

Energy management systems (EMS) have traditionally been implemented using rule-based control (RBC) and model predictive control (MPC) methods. However, recent research has explored the use of reinforcement learning (RL) as a promising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Julian Ruddick , Luis Ramirez Camargo , Muhammad Andy Putratama , Maarten Messagie , Thierry Coosemans

This paper proposes a novel scalable type of multi-agent reinforcement learning-based coordination for distributed residential energy. Cooperating agents learn to control the flexibility offered by electric vehicles, space heating and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-29 Flora Charbonnier , Thomas Morstyn , Malcolm D. McCulloch

While reinforcement learning (RL) is gaining popularity in energy systems control, its real-world applications are limited due to the fact that the actions from learned policies may not satisfy functional requirements or be feasible for the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-20 Bingqing Chen , Priya Donti , Kyri Baker , J. Zico Kolter , Mario Berges

We tackle the problem of building explainable recommendation systems that are based on a per-user decision tree, with decision rules that are based on single attribute values. We build the trees by applying learned regression functions to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-20 Eyal Shulman , Lior Wolf