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Industrial anomaly detection is a critical component of modern manufacturing, yet the scarcity of defective samples restricts traditional detection methods to scenario-specific applications. Although Vision-Language Models (VLMs)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Yanhui Li , Yunkang Cao , Chengliang Liu , Yuan Xiong , Xinghui Dong , Chao Huang

We propose ControlMLLM++, a novel test-time adaptation framework that injects learnable visual prompts into frozen multimodal large language models (MLLMs) to enable fine-grained region-based visual reasoning without any model retraining or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Mingrui Wu , Hao Chen , Jiayi Ji , Xiaoshuai Sun , Zhiyuan Liu , Liujuan Cao , Ming-Ming Cheng , Rongrong Ji

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on various visual tasks, yet they still require adaptation on downstream tasks to achieve optimal performance. Recently, various adaptation technologies have been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Chuanming Wang , Henming Mao , Huanhuan Zhang , Huiyuan Fu , Huadong Ma

Large-scale contrastive pre-training produces powerful Vision-and-Language Models (VLMs) capable of generating representations (embeddings) effective for a wide variety of visual and multimodal tasks. However, these pretrained embeddings…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Nikolaos-Antonios Ypsilantis , Kaifeng Chen , André Araujo , Ondřej Chum

Automated video surveillance with Large Vision-Language Models is limited by their inherent bias towards normality, often failing to detect crimes. While Chain-of-Thought reasoning strategies show significant potential for improving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Pedro Domingos , João Pereira , Vasco Lopes , João Neves , David Semedo

Large Language Models (LLMs) are important tools for reasoning and problem-solving, while they often operate passively, answering questions without actively discovering new ones. This limitation reduces their ability to simulate human-like…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Hong Su

Recent efforts to enable visual navigation using large language models have mainly focused on developing complex prompt systems. These systems incorporate instructions, observations, and history into massive text prompts, which are then…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Yao-Hung Hubert Tsai , Vansh Dhar , Jialu Li , Bowen Zhang , Jian Zhang

Video Anomaly Detection (VAD) is a fundamental challenge in computer vision, particularly due to the open-set nature of anomalies. While recent training-free approaches utilizing Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown promise, they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Lokman Bekit , Hamza Karim , Nghia T Nguyen , Yasin Yilmaz

The ability to distinguish subtle differences between visually similar images is essential for diverse domains such as industrial anomaly detection, medical imaging, and aerial surveillance. While comparative reasoning benchmarks for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Minkyu Kim , Sangheon Lee , Dongmin Park

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable ability in various language tasks, especially with their emergent in-context learning capability. Extending LLMs to incorporate visual inputs, large vision-language models (LVLMs) have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Aneesh Komanduri , Karuna Bhaila , Xintao Wu

Anomaly detection is critically important for intelligent surveillance systems to detect in a timely manner any malicious activities. Many video anomaly detection approaches using deep learning methods focus on a single camera video stream…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Chongke Wu , Sicong Shao , Cihan Tunc , Salim Hariri

Explainable video anomaly detection (VAD) is crucial for safety-critical applications, yet even with recent progress, much of the research still lacks spatial grounding, making the explanations unverifiable. This limitation is especially…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Inpyo Song , Minjun Joo , Joonhyung Kwon , Eunji Jeon , Jangwon Lee

Video Anomaly Detection (VAD) aims to locate events that deviate from normal patterns in videos. Traditional approaches often rely on extensive labeled data and incur high computational costs. Recent tuning-free methods based on Multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Zhaolin Cai , Fan Li , Ziwei Zheng , Haixia Bi , Lijun He

Automatic vision inspection holds significant importance in industry inspection. While multimodal large language models (MLLMs) exhibit strong language understanding capabilities and hold promise for this task, their performance remains…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Kai Zhang , Zekai Zhang , Xihe Sun , Anpeng Wang , Jingmeng Nie , Qinghui Chen , Han Hao , Jianyuan Guo , Jinglin Zhang

The rapid advancement of image generation technologies intensifies the demand for interpretable and robust detection methods. Although existing approaches often attain high accuracy, they typically operate as black boxes without providing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Yikun Ji , Hong Yan , Jun Lan , Huijia Zhu , Weiqiang Wang , Qi Fan , Liqing Zhang , Jianfu Zhang

Contemporary Vision-Language Models (VLMs) achieve strong performance on a wide range of tasks by pairing a vision encoder with a pre-trained language model, fine-tuned for visual-text inputs. Yet despite these gains, it remains unclear how…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Lachin Naghashyar , Hunar Batra , Ashkan Khakzar , Philip Torr , Ronald Clark , Christian Schroeder de Witt , Constantin Venhoff

Despite the impressive performance of vision-language models (VLMs) on downstream tasks, their ability to understand and reason about causal relationships in visual inputs remains unclear. Robust causal reasoning is fundamental to solving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Zhaotian Weng , Haoxuan Li , Xin Eric Wang , Kuan-Hao Huang , Jieyu Zhao

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are set to transform how machines process and generate human-like responses by integrating diverse modalities such as text, images, and code. Yet, effectively harnessing their capabilities hinges on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Anwesha Mohanty , Venkatesh Balavadhani Parthasarathy , Arsalan Shahid

Recent years have seen a surge of interest in anomaly detection for tackling industrial defect detection, event detection, etc. However, existing unsupervised anomaly detectors, particularly those for the vision modality, face significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Dong Chen , Kaihang Pan , Guoming Wang , Yueting Zhuang , Siliang Tang

Personalized driving refers to an autonomous vehicle's ability to adapt its driving behavior or control strategies to match individual users' preferences and driving styles while maintaining safety and comfort standards. However, existing…