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The Segmentation Anything Model (SAM) requires labor-intensive data labeling. We present Unsupervised SAM (UnSAM) for promptable and automatic whole-image segmentation that does not require human annotations. UnSAM utilizes a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-01 XuDong Wang , Jingfeng Yang , Trevor Darrell

Manual annotation of volumetric medical images, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT), is a labor-intensive and time-consuming process. Recent advancements in foundation models for video object segmentation,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-04 Yuwen Chen , Zafer Yildiz , Qihang Li , Yaqian Chen , Haoyu Dong , Hanxue Gu , Nicholas Konz , Maciej A. Mazurowski

The field of medical image segmentation is hindered by the scarcity of large, publicly available annotated datasets. Not all datasets are made public for privacy reasons, and creating annotations for a large dataset is time-consuming and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Iira Häkkinen , Iaroslav Melekhov , Erik Englesson , Hossein Azizpour , Juho Kannala

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) was originally designed for label-agnostic mask generation. Does this model also possess inherent semantic understanding, of value to broader visual tasks? In this work we follow a multi-staged approach…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Miguel Espinosa , Chenhongyi Yang , Linus Ericsson , Steven McDonagh , Elliot J. Crowley

Deep learning-based medical image segmentation typically requires large amount of labeled data for training, making it less applicable in clinical settings due to high annotation cost. Semi-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as an…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-03 Yichi Zhang , Bohao Lv , Le Xue , Wenbo Zhang , Yuchen Liu , Yu Fu , Yuan Cheng , Yuan Qi

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) and CLIP are remarkable vision foundation models (VFMs). SAM, a prompt driven segmentation model, excels in segmentation tasks across diverse domains, while CLIP is renowned for its zero shot recognition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Sidra Aleem , Fangyijie Wang , Mayug Maniparambil , Eric Arazo , Julia Dietlmeier , Guenole Silvestre , Kathleen Curran , Noel E. O'Connor , Suzanne Little

Recent "segment anything" efforts show promise by learning from large-scale data, but adapting such models directly to medical images remains challenging due to the complexity of medical data, noisy annotations, and continual learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Zhiling Yan , Sifan Song , Dingjie Song , Yiwei Li , Rong Zhou , Weixiang Sun , Zhennong Chen , Sekeun Kim , Hui Ren , Tianming Liu , Quanzheng Li , Xiang Li , Lifang He , Lichao Sun

Equipping predicted segmentation with calibrated uncertainty is essential for safety-critical applications. In this work, we focus on capturing the data-inherent uncertainty (aka aleatoric uncertainty) in segmentation, typically when…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Zhitong Gao , Yucong Chen , Chuyu Zhang , Xuming He

Recent advances in medical image segmentation have been driven by deep learning; however, most existing methods remain limited by modality-specific designs and exhibit poor adaptability to dynamic medical imaging scenarios. The Segment…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Guoping Xu , Christopher Kabat , You Zhang

Universal medical image segmentation models have emerged as a promising paradigm due to their strong generalizability across diverse tasks, showing great potential for a wide range of clinical applications. This potential has been partly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Yanwu Yang , Guinan Su , Jiesi Hu , Francesco Sammarco , Jonas Geiping , Thomas Wolfers

Segment Anything Model (SAM) has gained significant attention because of its ability to segment various objects in images given a prompt. The recently developed SAM 2 has extended this ability to video inputs. This opens an opportunity to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Haoyu Dong , Hanxue Gu , Yaqian Chen , Jichen Yang , Yuwen Chen , Maciej A. Mazurowski

Medical image segmentation (MIS) plays an instrumental role in medical image analysis, where considerable effort has been devoted to automating the process. Currently, mainstream MIS approaches are based on deep neural networks (DNNs),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-02 Binyan Hu , A. K. Qin

With the proposal of the Segment Anything Model (SAM), fine-tuning SAM for medical image segmentation (MIS) has become popular. However, due to the large size of the SAM model and the significant domain gap between natural and medical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Jinfeng Wang , Sifan Song , Xinkun Wang , Yiyi Wang , Yiyi Miao , Jionglong Su , S. Kevin Zhou

Uncertainty estimation has been widely studied in medical image segmentation as a tool to provide reliability, particularly in deep learning approaches. However, previous methods generally lack effective supervision in uncertainty…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Yuzhu Li , An Sui , Fuping Wu , Xiahai Zhuang

Current feature matching methods focus on point-level matching, pursuing better representation learning of individual features, but lacking further understanding of the scene. This results in significant performance degradation when…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Xiaoyong Lu , Yaping Yan , Tong Wei , Songlin Du

Segmentation is an essential step for remote sensing image processing. This study aims to advance the application of the Segment Anything Model (SAM), an innovative image segmentation model by Meta AI, in the field of remote sensing image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Lucas Prado Osco , Qiusheng Wu , Eduardo Lopes de Lemos , Wesley Nunes Gonçalves , Ana Paula Marques Ramos , Jonathan Li , José Marcato Junior

Semi-supervised learning addresses the issue of limited annotations in medical images effectively, but its performance is often inadequate for complex backgrounds and challenging tasks. Multi-modal fusion methods can significantly improve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Dongdong Meng , Sheng Li , Hao Wu , Guoping Wang , Xueqing Yan

Image segmentation is a critical step in computational biomedical image analysis, typically evaluated using metrics like the Dice coefficient during training and validation. However, in clinical settings without manual annotations,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Sikha O K , Meritxell Riera-Marín , Adrian Galdran , Javier García Lopez , Julia Rodríguez-Comas , Gemma Piella , Miguel A. González Ballester

Multimodal image fusion and semantic segmentation are critical for autonomous driving. Despite advancements, current models often struggle with segmenting densely packed elements due to a lack of comprehensive fusion features for guidance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Daixun Li , Weiying Xie , Mingxiang Cao , Yunke Wang , Yusi Zhang , Leyuan Fang , Yunsong Li , Chang Xu

Although segmenting natural images has shown impressive performance, these techniques cannot be directly applied to medical image segmentation. Medical image segmentation is particularly complicated by inherent uncertainties. For instance,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-06 Jiayuan Zhu , Junde Wu
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