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Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on many tasks. However, to achieve optimal performance, specially designed prompting methods are still needed. These methods either rely on task-specific few-shot…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Haoxiang Guan , Jiyan He , Shuxin Zheng , En-Hong Chen , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

Pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) have shown remarkable generalization capabilities via prompting, which leverages VLMs as knowledge bases to extract information beneficial for downstream tasks. However, existing methods primarily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Xiaoyu Qiu , Hao Feng , Yuechen Wang , Wengang Zhou , Houqiang Li

In-context learning (ICL) allows large models to adapt to tasks using a few examples, yet its extension to vision-language models (VLMs) remains fragile. Our analysis reveals that the fundamental limitation lies in an inductive gap, models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Haoyu Wang , Haonan Wang , Yuyan Chen , Jun Chen , Gang Liu , Qian Wang , Jiahong Yan , Yanghua Xiao

The Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have activated the capabilitiesof Large Language Models (LLMs) in solving visual-language tasks by integratingvisual information. The prevailing approach in existing MLLMs involvesemploying an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Tianxiang Wu , Minxin Nie , Ziqiang Cao

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) show impressive vision-language benchmark performance, yet growing concerns about data contamination (test set exposure during training) risk masking true generalization. This concern extends to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Ming Liu , Wensheng Zhang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive abilities across various tasks, including visual question answering and chart comprehension, yet existing benchmarks for chart-related tasks fall short in capturing the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Zifeng Zhu , Mengzhao Jia , Zhihan Zhang , Lang Li , Meng Jiang

Large language models (LLMs) and multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have significantly advanced artificial intelligence. However, visual reasoning, reasoning involving both visual and textual inputs, remains underexplored. Recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-18 I-Sheng Fang , Jun-Cheng Chen

The visual world around us constantly evolves, from real-time news and social media trends to global infrastructure changes visible through satellite imagery and augmented reality enhancements. However, Multimodal Large Language Models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Mingyang Fu , Yuyang Peng , Dongping Chen , Zetong Zhou , Benlin Liu , Yao Wan , Zhou Zhao , Philip S. Yu , Ranjay Krishna

In the era of generative artificial intelligence (AI), the fusion of large language models (LLMs) offers unprecedented opportunities for innovation in the field of modern education. We embark on an exploration of prompted LLMs within the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Subhankar Maity , Aniket Deroy , Sudeshna Sarkar

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) achieve strong performance on vision-language tasks, yet their visual processing is opaque. Most black-box evaluations measure task accuracy, but reveal little about underlying mechanisms. Drawing on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-23 John Burden , Jonathan Prunty , Ben Slater , Matthieu Tehenan , Greg Davis , Lucy Cheke

A well-executed graphic design typically achieves harmony in two levels, from the fine-grained design elements (color, font and layout) to the overall design. This complexity makes the comprehension of graphic design challenging, for it…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Jieru Lin , Danqing Huang , Tiejun Zhao , Dechen Zhan , Chin-Yew Lin

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown impressive abilities in understanding and reasoning over conventional images. However, their perception of 360{\deg} images remains largely underexplored. Unlike conventional images,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Huyen T. T. Tran , Van-Quang Nguyen , Farros Alferro , Kang-Jun Liu , Takayuki Okatani

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable achievements, yet the generation of non-factual responses remains prevalent in fact-seeking question answering (QA). Current multimodal fact-seeking benchmarks primarily…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Yanling Wang , Yihan Zhao , Xiaodong Chen , Shasha Guo , Lixin Liu , Haoyang Li , Yong Xiao , Jing Zhang , Qi Li , Ke Xu

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated excellent zero-shot generalization to new language tasks. However, effective utilization of LLMs for zero-shot visual question-answering (VQA) remains challenging, primarily due to the modality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Jiaxian Guo , Junnan Li , Dongxu Li , Anthony Meng Huat Tiong , Boyang Li , Dacheng Tao , Steven C. H. Hoi

Although Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated promising versatile capabilities, their performance is still inferior to specialized models on downstream tasks, which makes adaptation necessary to enhance their utility.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Yichi Zhang , Yinpeng Dong , Siyuan Zhang , Tianzan Min , Hang Su , Jun Zhu

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) such as GPT-4V and LLaVA have shown remarkable capabilities in visual reasoning with common image styles. However, their robustness against diverse style shifts, crucial for practical applications, remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Rizhao Cai , Zirui Song , Dayan Guan , Zhenhao Chen , Xing Luo , Chenyu Yi , Alex Kot

This paper describes the DSBA submissions to the Prompting Large Language Models as Explainable Metrics shared task, where systems were submitted to two tracks: small and large summarization tracks. With advanced Large Language Models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Joonghoon Kim , Saeran Park , Kiyoon Jeong , Sangmin Lee , Seung Hun Han , Jiyoon Lee , Pilsung Kang

The impressive multimodal capabilities demonstrated by OpenAI's GPT-4 have generated significant interest in the development of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). Visual instruction tuning of MLLMs with machine-generated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Biao Wu , Ling Chen

Large multimodal models extend the impressive capabilities of large language models by integrating multimodal understanding abilities. However, it is not clear how they can emulate the general intelligence and reasoning ability of humans.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Yew Ken Chia , Vernon Toh Yan Han , Deepanway Ghosal , Lidong Bing , Soujanya Poria

Multimodal Large Language Models are increasingly applied to biomedical imaging, yet scientific reasoning for microscopy remains limited by the scarcity of large-scale, high-quality training data. We introduce MicroVQA++, a three-stage,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Manyu Li , Ruian He , Chenxi Ma , Weimin Tan , Bo Yan