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Blockchains like Bitcoin and Ethereum have revolutionized digital transactions, yet scalability issues persist. Layer 2 solutions, such as validity proof Rollups (ZK-Rollups), aim to address these challenges by processing transactions…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Stefanos Chaliasos , Denis Firsov , Benjamin Livshits

Ethereum's scalability limitations pose significant challenges for the adoption of decentralized applications (dApps). Zero-Knowledge Rollups (ZK Rollups) present a promising solution, bundling transactions off-chain and submitting validity…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Krzysztof Gogol , Szczepan Gurgul , Faizan Nehal Siddiqui , David Branes , Claudio Tessone

Blockchain networks provide a reliable trust anchor to decentralized applications (DApps) backed by smart contracts. The Ethereum ecosystem now encompasses most blockchain networks that provide compatible support for smart contracts code.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Cătălina Lazăr , Gabriela Secrieru , Emanuel Onica

A rollup network is a type of popular "Layer 2" scaling solution for general purpose "Layer 1" blockchains like Ethereum. Rollups networks separate execution of transactions from other aspects like consensus, processing transactions off of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Francisco Gomes Figueira , Martin Derka , Ching Lun Chiu , Jan Gorzny

The rapid expansion of the use of blockchain-based systems often leads to a choice between customizable private blockchains and more secure, scalable and decentralized but expensive public blockchains. This choice represents the trade-off…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Thomas Lavaur , Jonathan Detchart , Jérôme Lacan , Caroline P. C. Chanel

The thesis addresses the problem of scalability in decentralized blockchains in the context of the trade-off between transaction throughput and hardware requirements to participate in the network. Rollups are presented, that is technologies…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Luca Donno

The data availability problem is a central challenge in blockchain systems and lies at the core of the accessibility and scalability issues faced by platforms such as Ethereum. Modern solutions employ several approaches, with data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Moritz Grundei , Vipindev Adat Vasudevan , Kishori Konwar , Muriel Medard

Despite their increasing popularity, blockchains still suffer from severe scalability limitations. Recently, Ethereum proposed a novel approach to block validation based on Data Availability Sampling (DAS), that has the potential to improve…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Michał Król , Onur Ascigil , Sergi Rene , Etienne Rivière , Matthieu Pigaglio , Kaleem Peeroo , Vladimir Stankovic , Ramin Sadre , Felix Lange

A big challenge posed in blockchain centric platforms is achieving scalability while also preserving user privacy. This report details the design, implementation and evaluation of a Layer-2 scaling solution for Hyperledger Fabric using Zero…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Sania Siddiqui , Neha , Hari Babu K

The development of underlying technologies in blockchain mostly revolves around a difficult problem: how to enhance the performance of the system and reduce various costs of nodes (such as communication, storage and verification) without…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Lide Xue , Wei Yang , Wei Li

Blokchain is a promising technology to enable distributed and reliable data sharing at the network edge. The high security in blockchain is undoubtedly a critical factor for the network to handle important data item. On the other hand,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-12-09 Yixin Li , Liang Liang , Yunjian Jia , Wanli Wen , Chaowei Tang , Zhengchuan Chen

Digital identity verification often forces a privacy trade-off, where users must disclose sensitive personal data to prove simple eligibility criteria. As blockchain applications integrate with regulated environments, this over-disclosure…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Supriya Khadka , Dhiman Goswami , Sanchari Das

Increasing the transactional throughput of decentralized blockchains in a secure manner has been the holy grail of blockchain research for most of the past decade. This paper introduces a scheme for scaling blockchains while retaining…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-27 John Adler , Mikerah Quintyne-Collins

The blockchain technology is believed by many to be a game changer in many application domains, especially financial applications. While the first generation of blockchain technology (i.e., Blockchain 1.0) is almost exclusively used for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-08-14 Huashan Chen , Marcus Pendleton , Laurent Njilla , Shouhuai Xu

Achieving the equilibrium between scalability, sustainability, and security while keeping decentralization has prevailed as the target solution for decentralized blockchain applications over the last years. Several approaches have been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Mikel Cortes-Goicoechea , Leonardo Bautista-Gomez

Despite blockchain data being publicly available, practical challenges and high costs often hinder its effective use by researchers, thus limiting data-driven research and exploration in the blockchain space. This is especially true when it…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Maria Inês Silva , Johnnatan Messias , Benjamin Livshits

Limited scalability and transaction costs are, among others, some of the critical issues that hamper a wider adoption of distributed ledger technologies (DLT). That is particularly true for the Ethereum blockchain, which, so far, has been…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-08-17 Simone Bottoni , Anwitaman Datta , Federico Franzoni , Emanuele Ragnoli , Roberto Ripamonti , Christian Rondanini , Gokhan Sagirlar , Alberto Trombetta

Bitcoin rise has put blockchain technology into the mainstream, amplifying its potential and broad utility. While Bitcoin has become incredibly famous, its transaction rate has not match such a corresponding increase. It still takes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Han Song , Zhongche Qu , Yihao Wei

Blockchain and Cloud Computing are two of the main topics related to the distributed computing paradigm, and in the last decade, they have seen exponential growth in their adoption. Cloud computing has long been established as the main…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Carlos Melo , Jamilson Dantas , Paulo Pereira , Paulo Maciel

The perpetual growth of data stored on popular blockchains such as Ethereum leads to significant scalability challenges and substantial storage costs for operators of full nodes. Increasing costs may lead to fewer independently operated…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Ruben Hias , Weihong Wang , Jan Vanhoof , Tom Van Cutsem
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