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In a busy city street, a pedestrian surrounded by distractions can pick out a single sign if it is relevant to their route. Artificial agents in outdoor Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) are also confronted with detecting supervisory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-21 Jason Armitage , Leonardo Impett , Rico Sennrich

Vision-and-language navigation (VLN) aims to enable embodied agents to navigate in realistic environments using natural language instructions. Given the scarcity of domain-specific training data and the high diversity of image and language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-23 Pierre-Louis Guhur , Makarand Tapaswi , Shizhe Chen , Ivan Laptev , Cordelia Schmid

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) tasks agents with locating specific objects in unseen environments using natural language instructions and visual cues. Many existing VLN approaches typically follow an 'observe-and-reason' schema, that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Yanjia Huang , Mingyang Wu , Renjie Li , Zhengzhong Tu

Although vision-language navigation (VLN) has progressed rapidly, zero-shot VLN in continuous environments (VLN-CE) remains highly challenging when using lightweight vision-language models (VLMs), whose limited reasoning capacity makes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Kun Luo , Xiangyu Dong , Xiaoguang Ma , Haoran Zhao , Yaoming Zhou

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) poses significant challenges for agents to interpret natural language instructions and navigate complex 3D environments. While recent progress has been driven by large-scale pre-training and data…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Tianyi Ma , Yue Zhang , Zehao Wang , Parisa Kordjamshidi

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) requires an embodied agent to ground complex natural-language instructions into long-horizon navigation in unseen environments. While Vision-Language Models (VLMs) offer strong 2D semantic understanding,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Zihao Xin , Wentong Li , Yixuan Jiang , Ziyuan Huang , Bin Wang , Piji Li , Jianke Zhu , Jie Qin , Shengjun Huang

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) requires an agent to navigate in a real-world environment following natural language instructions. From both the textual and visual perspectives, we find that the relationships among the scene, its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Yicong Hong , Cristian Rodriguez-Opazo , Yuankai Qi , Qi Wu , Stephen Gould

Learning to navigate in a visual environment following natural-language instructions is a challenging task, because the multimodal inputs to the agent are highly variable, and the training data on a new task is often limited. In this paper,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Weituo Hao , Chunyuan Li , Xiujun Li , Lawrence Carin , Jianfeng Gao

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) requires an agent to find a specified spot in an unseen environment by following natural language instructions. Dominant methods based on supervised learning clone expert's behaviours and thus perform…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-22 Hu Wang , Qi Wu , Chunhua Shen

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) deliver impressive performance in understanding visual content with language instructions. However, redundancy in vision tokens results in the degenerated inference efficiency of VLMs, which hinders real-time…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Qinyu Chen , Jiawen Qi

In this work, we propose a modular approach for the Vision-Language Navigation (VLN) task by decomposing the problem into four sub-modules that use state-of-the-art Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision-Language Models (VLMs) in a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Navid Rajabi , Jana Kosecka

Humans use their knowledge of common house layouts obtained from previous experiences to predict nearby rooms while navigating in new environments. This greatly helps them navigate previously unseen environments and locate their target…

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) increasingly relies on large vision-language models, but their inference cost conflicts with real-time deployment. Token caching is a promising training-free strategy that avoids redundant computation by…

Building on the unprecedented capabilities of large language models for command understanding and zero-shot recognition of multi-modal vision-language transformers, visual language navigation (VLN) has emerged as an effective way to address…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Chashi Mahiul Islam , Shaeke Salman , Montasir Shams , Xiuwen Liu , Piyush Kumar

We address a practical yet challenging problem of training robot agents to navigate in an environment following a path described by some language instructions. The instructions often contain descriptions of objects in the environment. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Peihao Chen , Dongyu Ji , Kunyang Lin , Runhao Zeng , Thomas H. Li , Mingkui Tan , Chuang Gan

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) requires grounding instructions, such as "turn right and stop at the door", to routes in a visual environment. The actual grounding can connect language to the environment through multiple modalities,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Ronghang Hu , Daniel Fried , Anna Rohrbach , Dan Klein , Trevor Darrell , Kate Saenko

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shown promise in robot manipulation but often struggle to generalize to new instructions or complex multi-task scenarios. We identify a critical pathology in current training paradigms where…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Shijie Lian , Bin Yu , Xiaopeng Lin , Laurence T. Yang , Zhaolong Shen , Changti Wu , Yuzhuo Miao , Cong Huang , Kai Chen

Vision-language navigation (VLN), in which an agent follows language instruction in a visual environment, has been studied under the premise that the input command is fully feasible in the environment. Yet in practice, a request may not be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Andrea Burns , Deniz Arsan , Sanjna Agrawal , Ranjitha Kumar , Kate Saenko , Bryan A. Plummer

Since the rise of vision-language navigation (VLN), great progress has been made in instruction following -- building a follower to navigate environments under the guidance of instructions. However, far less attention has been paid to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Hanqing Wang , Wei Liang , Jianbing Shen , Luc Van Gool , Wenguan Wang

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) empowers agents to associate time-sequenced visual observations with corresponding instructions to make sequential decisions. However, generalization remains a persistent challenge, particularly when…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Zerui Li , Gengze Zhou , Haodong Hong , Yanyan Shao , Wenqi Lyu , Yanyuan Qiao , Qi Wu