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The last decade has sparked several valiant efforts in deductive verification of distributed agreement protocols such as consensus and leader election. Oddly, there have been far fewer verification efforts that go beyond the core protocols…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Nouraldin Jaber , Christopher Wagner , Swen Jacobs , Milind Kulkarni , Roopsha Samanta

Randomized smoothing provides strong, model-agnostic robustness certificates, but existing guarantees are limited to single modalities, treating continuous and discrete inputs in isolation. This limitation becomes critical in multimodal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Blaise Delattre , Hengyu Wu , Paul Caillon , Wei Yang Bryan Lim , Yang Cao

In this work, we study how to ensure probabilistic safety for nonlinear systems under distributional ambiguity. Our approach builds on a backup-based safety filtering framework that switches between a high-performance nominal policy and a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Daniel M. Cherenson , Haejoon Lee , Taekyung Kim , Dimitra Panagou

Safety has been a major concern when deploying deep reinforcement learning algorithms in the real world. A promising direction that ensures that the learned policy does not visit unsafe regions is to learn a \emph{barrier function} along…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-22 Rupak Majumdar , Nikhil Singh , Sadegh Soudjani

Motivated by the need to simultaneously guarantee safety and stability of safety-critical dynamical systems, we construct permissive barrier certificates in this paper that explicitly maximize the region where the system can be stabilized…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-02-27 Li Wang , Dongkun Han , Magnus Egerstedt

Quantum machine learning uses principles from quantum mechanics to process data, offering potential advances in speed and performance. However, previous work has shown that these models are susceptible to attacks that manipulate input data…

The reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS) embedding of distributions offers a general and flexible framework for testing problems in arbitrary domains and has attracted considerable amount of attention in recent years. To gain insights…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-09-26 Krishnakumar Balasubramanian , Tong Li , Ming Yuan

In this paper, we propose a distributionally robust safety verification method for Markov decision processes where only an ambiguous transition kernel is available instead of the precise transition kernel. We define the ambiguity set around…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-27 Abhijit Mazumdar , Yuting Hou , Rafal Wisniewski

Increasingly sophisticated mathematical modelling processes from Machine Learning are being used to analyse complex data. However, the performance and explainability of these models within practical critical systems requires a rigorous and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Xingyu Zhao , Alec Banks , James Sharp , Valentin Robu , David Flynn , Michael Fisher , Xiaowei Huang

The desire to use reinforcement learning in safety-critical settings has inspired a recent interest in formal methods for learning algorithms. Existing formal methods for learning and optimization primarily consider the problem of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Nathan Fulton , Andre Platzer

Learning from examples is one of the key problems in science and engineering. It deals with function reconstruction from a finite set of direct and noisy samples. Regularization in reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces (RKHSs) is widely used to…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-12-30 Gianluigi Pillonetto

The increasing use of autonomous and semi-autonomous agents in society has made it crucial to validate their safety. However, the complex scenarios in which they are used may make formal verification impossible. To address this challenge,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-03 Jared J. Beard , Ali Baheri

The increasing complexity of modern robotic systems and the environments they operate in necessitates the formal consideration of safety in the presence of imperfect measurements. In this paper we propose a rigorous framework for…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-30 Ryan K. Cosner , Andrew W. Singletary , Andrew J. Taylor , Tamas G. Molnar , Katherine L. Bouman , Aaron D. Ames

A safety verification task involves verifying a system against a desired safety property under certain assumptions about the environment. However, these environmental assumptions may occasionally be violated due to modeling errors or…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-05 Rômulo Meira-Góes , Ian Dardik , Eunsuk Kang , Stéphane Lafortune , Stavros Tripakis

Neural Lyapunov and barrier certificates have recently been used as powerful tools for verifying the safety and stability properties of deep reinforcement learning (RL) controllers. However, existing methods offer guarantees only under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Chengxiao Wang , Haoze Wu , Gagandeep Singh

This paper proposes a method for constructing one-step prediction tubes for nonlinear systems using reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces. We approximate a bounded reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS) hypothesis set by a finite-dimensional…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-08 Jannis Lübsen , Annika Eichler

Deploying Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) on resource-constrained embedded systems requires aggressive model compression techniques like quantization and pruning. However, ensuring that the compressed model preserves the behavioral fidelity of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Jingyang Li , Fu Song , Guoqiang Li

Building models that comply with the invariances inherent to different domains, such as invariance under translation or rotation, is a key aspect of applying machine learning to real world problems like molecular property prediction,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-04 Jan Schuchardt , Stephan Günnemann

Barrier certificates provide functional overapproximations for the reachable set of dynamical systems and provide inductive guarantees on the safe evolution of the system. In automata-theoretic verification, a key query is to determine…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Vishnu Murali , Ashutosh Trivedi , Majid Zamani

This paper studies the problem of enforcing safety of a stochastic dynamical system over a finite-time horizon. We use stochastic control barrier functions as a means to quantify the probability that a system exits a given safe region of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-12 Cesar Santoyo , Maxence Dutreix , Samuel Coogan