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Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have garnered significant attention for their remarkable ability to interpret and generate multimodal content. However, securing these models against jailbreak attacks continues to be a substantial challenge.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Aofan Liu , Lulu Tang

As deep learning advances, Large Language Models (LLMs) and their multimodal counterparts, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), have shown exceptional performance in many real-world tasks. However, MLLMs face significant security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Fenghua Weng , Yue Xu , Chengyan Fu , Wenjie Wang

Current safety alignment for large language models(LLMs) continues to present vulnerabilities, given that adversarial prompting can effectively bypass their safety measures.Our investigation shows that these safety mechanisms predominantly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Chao Huang , Zefeng Zhang , Juewei Yue , Quangang Li , Chuang Zhang , Tingwen Liu

Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) demonstrate strong capabilities in multimodal reasoning and many real-world applications, such as visual question answering. However, LVLMs are highly vulnerable to jailbreaking attacks. This paper…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Badhan Chandra Das , Md Tasnim Jawad , Md Jueal Mia , M. Hadi Amini , Yanzhao Wu

Large language model (LLM) safety is a critical issue, with numerous studies employing red team testing to enhance model security. Among these, jailbreak methods explore potential vulnerabilities by crafting malicious prompts that induce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Honglin Mu , Han He , Yuxin Zhou , Yunlong Feng , Yang Xu , Libo Qin , Xiaoming Shi , Zeming Liu , Xudong Han , Qi Shi , Qingfu Zhu , Wanxiang Che

Vision Large Language Models (VLLMs) integrate visual data processing, expanding their real-world applications, but also increasing the risk of generating unsafe responses. In response, leading companies have implemented Multi-Layered…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Yijun Yang , Lichao Wang , Xiao Yang , Lanqing Hong , Jun Zhu

The inherent risk of generating harmful and unsafe content by Large Language Models (LLMs), has highlighted the need for their safety alignment. Various techniques like supervised fine-tuning, reinforcement learning from human feedback, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Kalyan Nakka , Nitesh Saxena

Considerable research efforts have been devoted to ensuring that large language models (LLMs) align with human values and generate safe text. However, an excessive focus on sensitivity to certain topics can compromise the model's robustness…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Huachuan Qiu , Shuai Zhang , Anqi Li , Hongliang He , Zhenzhong Lan

Large language models (LLMs) are trained on a deluge of text data with limited quality control. As a result, LLMs can exhibit unintended or even harmful behaviours, such as leaking information, fake news or hate speech. Countermeasures,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Jingtong Su , Julia Kempe , Karen Ullrich

Safety alignment mechanism are essential for preventing large language models (LLMs) from generating harmful information or unethical content. However, cleverly crafted prompts can bypass these safety measures without accessing the model's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Sunbowen Lee , Shiwen Ni , Chi Wei , Shuaimin Li , Liyang Fan , Ahmadreza Argha , Hamid Alinejad-Rokny , Ruifeng Xu , Yicheng Gong , Min Yang

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs), which bridge the gap between audio-visual and natural language processing, achieve state-of-the-art performance on several audio-visual tasks. Despite the superior performance of MLLMs, the scarcity…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Jinming Wen , Xinyi Wu , Shuai Zhao , Yanhao Jia , Yuwen Li

Benefiting from the powerful capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), pre-trained visual encoder models connected to an LLMs can realize Vision Language Models (VLMs). However, existing research shows that the visual modality of VLMs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Zhendong Liu , Yuanbi Nie , Yingshui Tan , Xiangyu Yue , Qiushi Cui , Chongjun Wang , Xiaoyong Zhu , Bo Zheng

The rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has exposed vulnerabilities to various adversarial attacks. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of jailbreaking research targeting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Siyuan Wang , Zhuohan Long , Zhihao Fan , Zhongyu Wei

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have taken the spotlight in natural language processing. Further, integrating LLMs with vision enables the users to explore more emergent abilities in multimodality. Visual language models (VLMs), such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Minh-Hao Van , Xintao Wu

Extensive efforts have been made before the public release of Large language models (LLMs) to align their behaviors with human values. However, even meticulously aligned LLMs remain vulnerable to malicious manipulations such as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Zeguan Xiao , Yan Yang , Guanhua Chen , Yun Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across diverse applications, however, they remain critically vulnerable to jailbreak attacks that elicit harmful responses violating human values and safety guidelines.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Zhaoqi Wang , Zijian Zhang , Daqing He , Pengtao Kou , Xin Li , Jiamou Liu , Jincheng An , Yong Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly popular for their advanced text generation capabilities across various domains. However, like any software, they face security challenges, including the risk of 'jailbreak' attacks that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Jie Li , Yi Liu , Chongyang Liu , Ling Shi , Xiaoning Ren , Yaowen Zheng , Yang Liu , Yinxing Xue

The rise of multimodal large language models has introduced innovative human-machine interaction paradigms but also significant challenges in machine learning safety. Audio-Language Models (ALMs) are especially relevant due to the intuitive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Isha Gupta , David Khachaturov , Robert Mullins

With the advent and widespread deployment of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), ensuring their safety has become increasingly critical. To achieve this objective, it requires us to proactively discover the vulnerability of MLLMs by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Siyuan Ma , Weidi Luo , Yu Wang , Xiaogeng Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) suffer from a range of vulnerabilities that allow malicious users to solicit undesirable responses through manipulation of the input text. These so-called jailbreak prompts are designed to trick the LLM into…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 John Hawkins , Aditya Pramar , Rodney Beard , Rohitash Chandra
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