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In this article we study functionals of the type considered in \cite{HS21}, i.e. $$ J(v):=\int_{B_1} A(x,u)|\nabla u|^2 +f(x,u)u+ Q(x)\lambda (u)\,dx $$ here $A(x,u)= A_+(x)\chi_{\{u>0\}}+A_-(x) \chi _{\{u<0\}}$, $f(x,u)=…

In this paper, we consider a free boundary problem with a nonlocal diffusion kernel function $k(x)$. Due to the long distance exchange effect of nonlocal diffusion, the free boundary can expand discontinuously, which makes the problem…

We investigate discrete fractional Laplacians defined on the half-lattice in several dimensions, allowing possibly different fractional orders along each coordinate direction. By expressing the half-lattice operator as a boundary…

We consider the Schr\"odinger equation for a relativistic point particle in an external 1-dimensional $\delta$-function potential. Using dimensional regularization, we investigate both bound and scattering states, and we obtain results that…

We propose an operator preconditioner for general elliptic pseudodifferential equations in a domain $\Omega$, where $\Omega$ is either in $\mathbb{R}^n$ or in a Riemannian manifold. For linear systems of equations arising from low-order…

Adam is a popular variant of stochastic gradient descent for finding a local minimizer of a function. In the constant stepsize regime, assuming that the objective function is differentiable and non-convex, we establish the convergence in…

We prove the Hopf boundary point lemma for solutions of the Dirichlet problem involving the Schr\"odinger operator $- \Delta + V$ with a nonnegative potential $V$ which merely belongs to $L_{\mathrm{loc}}^1(\Omega)$. More precisely, if $u…

One of the principal topics of this paper concerns the realization of self-adjoint operators $L_{\Theta, \Om}$ in $L^2(\Om; d^n x)^m$, $m, n \in \bbN$, associated with divergence form elliptic partial differential expressions $L$ with…

Let $\mathbf{A}$ be a bounded self-adjoint operator on a separable Hilbert space $\mathfrak{H}$ and $\mathfrak{H}_0\subset\mathfrak{H}$ a closed invariant subspace of $\mathbf{A}$. Assuming that $\sup\spec(A_0)\leq \inf\spec(A_1)$, where…

We study homogenization it its most basic form $$-\left(a\left(\frac{x}{\varepsilon}\right) u_{\varepsilon}'(x)\right)' = f(x) \quad \mbox{for} ~x \in (0,1),$$ where $a(\cdot)$ is a positive $1-$periodic continuous function, $f$ is smooth…

We establish the higher fractional differentiability for the minimizers of non-autonomous integral functionals of the form \begin{equation} \mathcal{F}(u,\Omega):=\int_\Omega \left[ f(x,Du)- g \cdot u \right] dx , \notag \end{equation}…

We consider the algebra $A$ of bounded operators on $L^2(\mathbb{R}^n)$ generated by quantizations of isometric affine canonical transformations. The algebra $A$ includes as subalgebras all noncommutative tori and toric orbifolds. We define…

The time periodic circuit theory is exploited to introduce an appropriate translation operator that is invariant under the change of the spatial unit cell. Useful properties of the operator are derived. By casting the problem in an…

Nonlocal models have recently had a major impact in nonlinear continuum mechanics and are used to describe physical systems/processes which cannot be accurately described by classical, calculus based "local" approaches. In part, this is due…

We study the minimizers of the sum of the principal Dirichlet eigenvalue of the negative Laplacian and the perimeter with respect to a general norm in the class of Jordan domains in the plane. This is equivalent (modulo scaling) to…

We prove some regularity results for a priori bounded local minimizers of non-autonomous integral functionals of the form $$\mathcal{F}(v,\Omega)=\int_\Omega F(x,Dv)dx,$$ under the constraint $v \ge \psi$ a.e. in $\Omega$, where $\psi$ is a…

Transformers have achieved remarkable success in a wide range of natural language processing and computer vision applications. However, the representation capacity of a deep transformer model is degraded due to the over-smoothing issue in…

Let H=\Delta+\sum_{#a=2} V_a be a 3-body Hamiltonian, H_a the subsystem Hamiltonians, \Delta the positive Laplacian of the Euclidean metric on X_0=R^n, V_a real-valued. Buslaev and Merkurev have shown that, if the pair potentials decay…

We propose the first $\alpha$-parameterized framework for solving time-changed stochastic differential equations (TCSDEs), explicitly linking convergence rates to the driving parameter of the underlying stochastic processes. Theoretically,…

The paper treats pseudodifferential operators $P=Op(p(\xi ))$ with homogeneous complex symbol $p(\xi )$ of order $2a>0$, generalizing the fractional Laplacian $(-\Delta )^a$ but lacking its symmetries, and taken to act on the halfspace…