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Continual learning requires the model to learn multiple tasks sequentially. In continual learning, the model should possess the ability to maintain its performance on old tasks (stability) and the ability to adapt to new tasks continuously…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Yan-Shuo Liang , Wu-Jun Li

Large foundation models have emerged in the last years and are pushing performance boundaries for a variety of tasks. Training or even finetuning such models demands vast datasets and computational resources, which are often scarce and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Leo Fillioux , Enzo Ferrante , Paul-Henry Cournède , Maria Vakalopoulou , Stergios Christodoulidis

Parameter efficient adaptation methods have become a key mechanism to train large pre-trained models for downstream tasks. However, their per-task parameter overhead is considered still high when the number of downstream tasks to adapt for…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-01 Tsendsuren Munkhdalai , Youzheng Chen , Khe Chai Sim , Fadi Biadsy , Tara Sainath , Pedro Moreno Mengibar

Scaling models has led to significant advancements in deep learning, but training these models in decentralized settings remains challenging due to communication bottlenecks. While existing compression techniques are effective in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Sameera Ramasinghe , Thalaiyasingam Ajanthan , Gil Avraham , Yan Zuo , Alexander Long

Large Language Models have demonstrated strong performance across a wide range of tasks, but adapting them efficiently to new domains remains a key challenge. Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods address this by introducing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Raghav Singhal , Kaustubh Ponkshe , Rohit Vartak , Praneeth Vepakomma

Long-horizon tasks, which have a large discount factor, pose a challenge for most conventional reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms. Algorithms such as Value Iteration and Temporal Difference (TD) learning have a slow convergence rate and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Mark Bedaywi , Amin Rakhsha , Amir-massoud Farahmand

LoRA has become a universal Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) technique that equips Large Language Models (LLMs) to adapt quickly to new tasks. However, when these models are scaled up, even the latest LoRA variants still introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Xindian Ma , Rundong Kong , Peng Zhang , Ruoxiang Huang , Yongyu Jiang

As deep learning becomes more expensive, both in terms of time and compute, inefficiencies in machine learning (ML) training prevent practical usage of state-of-the-art models for most users. The newest model architectures are simply too…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Kabir Nagrecha

Transfer learning has become a popular task adaptation method in the era of foundation models. However, many foundation models require large storage and computing resources, which makes off-the-shelf deployment impractical. Post-training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Jung Hwan Heo , Seyedarmin Azizi , Arash Fayyazi , Massoud Pedram

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) has become an essential approach for adapting large-scale pre-trained models while reducing computational costs. Among PEFT methods, LoRA significantly reduces trainable parameters by decomposing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Jiancheng Zhao , Xingda Yu , Zhen Yang

Large pre-trained models have enabled significant advances in machine learning and served as foundation components. Model fusion methods, such as task arithmetic, have been proven to be powerful and scalable to incorporate fine-tuned…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Anke Tang , Li Shen , Yong Luo , Yibing Zhan , Han Hu , Bo Du , Yixin Chen , Dacheng Tao

Existing parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods primarily fall into two categories: addition-based and selective in-situ adaptation. The former, such as LoRA, introduce additional modules to adapt the model to downstream tasks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Zhi Zhang , Yixian Shen , Congfeng Cao , Ekaterina Shutova

The scaling law of Large Language Models (LLMs) reveals a power-law relationship, showing diminishing return on performance as model scale increases. While training LLMs from scratch is resource-intensive, fine-tuning a pre-trained model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Yiyun Zhou , Chang Yao , Jingyuan Chen

Class-Incremental Learning (CIL) aims to learn new classes sequentially while retaining the knowledge of previously learned classes. Recently, pre-trained models (PTMs) combined with parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) have shown…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Jiangpeng He , Zhihao Duan , Fengqing Zhu

Applying a pre-trained large model to downstream tasks is prohibitive under resource-constrained conditions. Recent dominant approaches for addressing efficiency issues involve adding a few learnable parameters to the fixed backbone model.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Yangyang Guo , Guangzhi Wang , Mohan Kankanhalli

In the realm of parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods, while options like LoRA are available, there is a persistent demand in the industry for a PEFT approach that excels in both efficiency and performance within the context of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Zequan Liu , Yi Zhao , Ming Tan , Wei Zhu , Aaron Xuxiang Tian

The Outstanding performance and growing size of Large Language Models has led to increased attention in parameter efficient learning. The two predominant approaches are Adapters and Pruning. Adapters are to freeze the model and give it a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-07 Guorun Wang , Jun Yang , Yaoru Sun

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) allows model builders to capture the task-specific parameters into adapters, which are a fraction of the size of the original base model. Popularity of PEFT technique for fine-tuning has led to the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Saransh Gupta , Umesh Deshpande , Travis Janssen , Swami Sundararaman

Parameter Recombination (PR) methods aim to efficiently compose the weights of a neural network for applications like Parameter-Efficient FineTuning (PEFT) and Model Compression (MC), among others. Most methods typically focus on one…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Nazia Tasnim , Shrimai Prabhumoye , Bryan A. Plummer

Pretrained Language Models (PLMs) have become the de facto starting point for fine-tuning on downstream tasks. However, as model sizes continue to increase, traditional fine-tuning of all the parameters becomes challenging. To address this,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Bharat Runwal , Tejaswini Pedapati , Pin-Yu Chen