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Long-tail recognition tackles the natural non-uniformly distributed data in real-world scenarios. While modern classifiers perform well on populated classes, its performance degrades significantly on tail classes. Humans, however, are less…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Tz-Ying Wu , Pedro Morgado , Pei Wang , Chih-Hui Ho , Nuno Vasconcelos

Supervised Contrastive Loss (SCL) is popular in visual representation learning. Given an anchor image, SCL pulls two types of positive samples, i.e., its augmentation and other images from the same class together, while pushes negative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Shiyu Xuan , Shiliang Zhang

In the real world, data tends to follow long-tailed distributions w.r.t. class or attribution, motivating the challenging Long-Tailed Recognition (LTR) problem. In this paper, we revisit recent LTR methods with promising Vision Transformers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Zhengzhuo Xu , Shuo Yang , Xingjun Wang , Chun Yuan

Gradient compression has surfaced as a key technique to address the challenge of communication efficiency in distributed learning. In distributed deep learning, however, it is observed that gradient distributions are heavy-tailed, with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Guangfeng Yan , Tan Li , Yuanzhang Xiao , Hanxu Hou , Linqi Song

Long-tail learning has garnered widespread attention and achieved significant progress in recent times. However, even with pre-trained prior knowledge, models still exhibit weaker generalization performance on tail classes. The promising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Mengke Li , Ye Liu , Yang Lu , Yiqun Zhang , Yiu-ming Cheung , Hui Huang

Deep neural networks are highly vulnerable to adversarial examples, i.e.,small perturbations that can significantly degrade model performance. While adversarial training has become the primary defense strategy, most studies focus on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Lilin Zhang , Yimo Guo , Yue Li , Jiancheng Shi , Xianggen Liu

The generalization gap on the long-tailed data sets is largely owing to most categories only occupying a few training samples. Decoupled training achieves better performance by training backbone and classifier separately. What causes the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-13 Zhiwei Zhang

Object recognition in the real-world requires handling long-tailed or even open-ended data. An ideal visual system needs to recognize the populated head visual concepts reliably and meanwhile efficiently learn about emerging new tail…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Han-Jia Ye , Hexiang Hu , De-Chuan Zhan

The distribution of data in the world (eg, internet, etc.) significantly differs from the well-curated datasets and is often over-populated with samples from common categories. The algorithms designed for well-curated datasets perform…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Harsh Rangwani

Large language models (LLMs) can learn vast amounts of knowledge from diverse domains during pre-training. However, long-tail knowledge from specialized domains is often scarce and underrepresented, rarely appearing in the models'…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Shuyang Yu , Runxue Bao , Parminder Bhatia , Taha Kass-Hout , Jiayu Zhou , Cao Xiao

Graph classification, aiming at learning the graph-level representations for effective class assignments, has received outstanding achievements, which heavily relies on high-quality datasets that have balanced class distribution. In fact,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Siyu Yi , Zhengyang Mao , Wei Ju , Yongdao Zhou , Luchen Liu , Xiao Luo , Ming Zhang

Active learning aims to reduce the labeling effort that is required to train algorithms by learning an acquisition function selecting the most relevant data for which a label should be requested from a large unlabeled data pool. Active…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Javad Zolfaghari Bengar , Joost van de Weijer , Laura Lopez Fuentes , Bogdan Raducanu

Class imbalance remains a significant challenge in machine learning, particularly for tabular data classification tasks. While Gradient Boosting Decision Trees (GBDT) models have proven highly effective for such tasks, their performance can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Jiaqi Luo , Yuan Yuan , Shixin Xu

Real-world datasets commonly exhibit noisy labels and class imbalance, such as long-tailed distributions. While previous research addresses this issue by differentiating noisy and clean samples, reliance on information from predictions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Ying-Hsuan Wu , Jun-Wei Hsieh , Li Xin , Shin-You Teng , Yi-Kuan Hsieh , Ming-Ching Chang

Many tasks in modern machine learning are observed to involve heavy-tailed gradient noise during the optimization process. To manage this realistic and challenging setting, new mechanisms, such as gradient clipping and gradient…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-19 Zijian Liu

Convolutional neural networks have achieved great improvement on face recognition in recent years because of its extraordinary ability in learning discriminative features of people with different identities. To train such a well-designed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-11-29 Xiao Zhang , Zhiyuan Fang , Yandong Wen , Zhifeng Li , Yu Qiao

We analyze neural scaling laws in a solvable model of last-layer fine-tuning where targets have intrinsic, instance-heterogeneous difficulty. In our Latent Instance Difficulty (LID) model, each input's target variance is governed by a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Noam Levi

We propose a distance supervised relation extraction approach for long-tailed, imbalanced data which is prevalent in real-world settings. Here, the challenge is to learn accurate "few-shot" models for classes existing at the tail of the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Ningyu Zhang , Shumin Deng , Zhanlin Sun , Guanying Wang , Xi Chen , Wei Zhang , Huajun Chen

Open-world long-tailed semi-supervised learning (OLSSL) has increasingly attracted attention. However, existing OLSSL algorithms generally assume that the distributions between known and novel categories are nearly identical. Against this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Yuanpeng He , Lijian Li

Main challenges in long-tailed recognition come from the imbalanced data distribution and sample scarcity in its tail classes. While techniques have been proposed to achieve a more balanced training loss and to improve tail classes data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Bo Liu , Haoxiang Li , Hao Kang , Nuno Vasconcelos , Gang Hua