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Understanding the noise affecting a quantum device is of fundamental importance for scaling quantum technologies. A particularly important class of noise models is that of Pauli channels, as randomized compiling techniques can effectively…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-19 Omar Fawzi , Aadil Oufkir , Daniel Stilck França

We show that entangled measurements provide an exponential advantage in sample complexity for Pauli channel estimation, which is both a fundamental problem and a practically important subroutine for benchmarking near-term quantum devices.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-23 Senrui Chen , Sisi Zhou , Alireza Seif , Liang Jiang

Motivated by estimation of quantum noise models, we study the problem of learning a Pauli channel, or more generally the Pauli error rates of an arbitrary channel. By employing a novel reduction to the "Population Recovery" problem, we give…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-29 Steven T. Flammia , Ryan O'Donnell

We study the problem of efficiently learning an unknown $n$-qubit unitary channel in diamond distance given query access. We present a general framework showing that if Pauli operators remain low-complexity under conjugation by a unitary,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-07 Sabee Grewal , Daniel Liang

Pauli channels are ubiquitous in quantum information, both as a dominant noise source in many computing architectures and as a practical model for analyzing error correction and fault tolerance. Here we prove several results on efficiently…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-23 Steven T. Flammia , Joel J. Wallman

We study the problem of learning nearly $(s,\epsilon)$-sparse unitaries, meaning that the Pauli spectrum is concentrated on at most $s$ components with at most $\epsilon$ residual mass in Pauli $\ell_1$-norm. This class generalizes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-02 Zahra Honjani , Mohsen Heidari

We discuss the estimation of channel parameters for a noisy quantum channel - the so-called Pauli channel - using finite resources. It turns out that prior entanglement considerably enhances the fidelity of the estimation when we compare it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Dietmar G. Fischer , Holger Mack , Markus A. Cirone , Matthias Freyberger

Learning unknown processes affecting a quantum system reveals underlying physical mechanisms and enables suppression, mitigation, and correction of unwanted effects. Describing a general quantum process requires an exponentially large…

The unavoidable presence of noise is a crucial roadblock for the development of large-scale quantum computers and the ability to characterize quantum noise reliably and efficiently with high precision is essential to scale quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-07 Cambyse Rouzé , Daniel Stilck França

We analyze the Pauli-channel estimation with mixed nonseparable states. It turns out that within a specific range entanglement can serve as a nonclassical resource. However, this range is rather small, that is entanglement is not very…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Thorsten C. Bschorr , Dietmar G. Fischer , Matthias Freyberger

Adaptiveness is a key principle in information processing including statistics and machine learning. We investigate the usefulness of adaptive methods in the framework of asymptotic binary hypothesis testing, when each hypothesis represents…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-19 Farzin Salek , Masahito Hayashi , Andreas Winter

Here we revisit one of the prototypical tasks for characterizing the structure of noise in quantum devices: estimating every eigenvalue of an $n$-qubit Pauli noise channel to error $\epsilon$. Prior work [14] proved no-go theorems for this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-16 Sitan Chen , Weiyuan Gong

We consider the sequential quantum channel discrimination problem using adaptive and non-adaptive strategies. In this setting the number of uses of the underlying quantum channel is not fixed but a random variable that is either bounded in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Yonglong Li , Christoph Hirche , Marco Tomamichel

A quantum channel models the interaction between the system we are interested in and its environment. Such a model can capture the main features of the interaction but because of the complexity of the environment we can not assume that it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Gábor Balló , Péter Gurin

We provide a simple example that illustrates the advantage of adaptive over non-adaptive strategies for quantum channel discrimination. In particular, we give a pair of entanglement-breaking channels that can be perfectly discriminated by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 Aram W. Harrow , Avinatan Hassidim , Debbie W. Leung , John Watrous

Current quantum computers suffer from non-stationary noise channels with high error rates, which undermines their reliability and reproducibility. We propose a Bayesian inference-based adaptive algorithm that can learn and mitigate quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-30 Samudra Dasgupta , Arshag Danageozian , Travis S. Humble

We consider the estimation of noise parameters in a quantum channel, assuming the most general strategy allowed by quantum mechanics. This is based on the exploitation of unlimited entanglement and arbitrary quantum operations, so that the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-05 Stefano Pirandola , Cosmo Lupo

We study encodings that give the best known thresholds for the non-zero capacity of quantum channels, i.e., the upper bound for correctable noise, using an entropic approach to calculation of the threshold values. Our results show that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-02-22 Jesse Fern , K. Birgitta Whaley

It is well known that for the discrimination of classical and quantum channels in the finite, non-asymptotic regime, adaptive strategies can give an advantage over non-adaptive strategies. However, Hayashi [IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 55(8),…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-24 Mark M. Wilde , Mario Berta , Christoph Hirche , Eneet Kaur

Probabilistic constellation shaping enables easy rate adaption and has been proven to reduce the gap to Shannon capacity. Constellation point probabilities are optimized to maximize either the mutual information or the bit-wise mutual…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Shrinivas Chimmalgi , Laurent Schmalen , Vahid Aref
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