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Particle filtering is a popular method for inferring latent states in stochastic dynamical systems, whose theoretical properties have been well studied in machine learning and statistics communities. In many control problems, e.g.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-12 Simon S. Du , Wei Hu , Zhiyuan Li , Ruoqi Shen , Zhao Song , Jiajun Wu

Recent advances in optical imaging and communication increasingly involve high-dimensional, partially coherent light, creating a growing need for scalable tools to measure and manipulate coherence. Here, we demonstrate the automatic…

Optical coherence tomography is state-of-the-art in non-invasive imaging of biological structures. Spectral Domain Optical Co-herence Tomography is the popularly used variation of this technique, but its performance is limited by the…

Optics · Physics 2023-03-01 Prabhav Gaur , Andrew Grieco , Yeshaiahu Fainman

We review the algebraic definition of the efficiency of a polarization modulation scheme, which is commonly adopted for solar and stellar spectro-polarimetry applications, and generalize it to allow distinct states of the modulation cycle…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-17 Roberto Casini , David M. Harrington , Alfred G. de Wijn

Phase field modelling offers an extremely general framework to predict microstructural evolutions in complex systems. However, its computational implementation requires a discretisation scheme with a grid spacing small enough to preserve…

Computational Physics · Physics 2018-07-18 Alphonse Finel , Yann Le Bouar , Benoît Dabas , Benoît Appolaire

Advances in compact sensing devices mounted on satellites have facilitated the collection of large spatio-temporal datasets with coordinates. Since such datasets are often incomplete and noisy, it is useful to create the prediction surface…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-14 Toshihiro Hirano , Tsunehiro Ishihara

A simple procedure for the design of recursive digital filters with an infinite impulse response (IIR) and non-recursive digital filters with a finite impulse response (FIR) is described. The fixed-lag smoothing filters are designed to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-22 Hugh Lachlan Kennedy

We consider the inverse problem of fitting atmospheric dispersion parameters based on time-resolved back-scattered differential absorption Lidar (DIAL) measurements. The obvious advantage of light-based remote sensing modalities is their…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-08-01 Robert Lung , Nick Polydorides

Integer Linear Programming (ILP) formulations of Markov random fields (MRFs) models with global connectivity priors were investigated previously in computer vision, e.g., \cite{globalinter,globalconn}. In these works, only Linear Programing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-21 Ruobing Shen , Eric Kendinibilir , Ismail Ben Ayed , Andrea Lodi , Andrea Tramontani , Gerhard Reinelt

Interference during the uplink training phase significantly deteriorates the performance of a massive MIMO system. The impact of the interference can be reduced by exploiting second order statistics of the channel vectors, e.g., to obtain…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-05-23 David Neumann , Michael Joham , Wolfgang Utschick

Phase unwrapping remains a critical and challenging problem in InSAR processing, particularly in scenarios involving complex deformation patterns. In earthquake-related deformation, shallow sources can generate surface-breaking faults and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yijia Song , Juliet Biggs , Alin Achim , Robert Popescu , Simon Orrego , Nantheera Anantrasirichai

Image matting is generally modeled as a space transform from the color space to the alpha space. By estimating the alpha factor of the model, the foreground of an image can be extracted. However, there is some dimensional information…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-17 Xuelong Li , Kang Liu , Yongsheng Dong , Dacheng Tao

Electronic wave functions of planar molecules can be reconstructed via inverse Fourier transform of angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) data, provided the phase of the electron wave in the detector plane is known. Since the…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-09-23 Pavel Kliuiev , Tatiana Latychevskaia , Juerg Osterwalder , Matthias Hengsberger , Luca Castiglioni

Neural Radiance Fields (NeRFs) have unmatched fidelity on large, real-world scenes. A common approach for scaling NeRFs is to partition the scene into regions, each of which is assigned its own parameters. When implemented naively, such an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Clinton Wang , Peter Hedman , Polina Golland , Jonathan T. Barron , Daniel Duckworth

Many data-analysis problems involve large dense matrices that describe the covariance of stationary noise processes; the computational cost of inverting these matrices, or equivalently of solving linear systems that contain them, is often a…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Rutger van Haasteren , Michele Vallisneri

In this lecture, we describe a number of advanced gain calibration techniques. In particular, self-calibration is an important tool in interferometric imaging at all wavelengths. It allows the observer to determine and remove residual phase…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-15 Crystal L. Brogan , Todd R. Hunter , Ed B. Fomalont

Iterative projection algorithms are successfully being used as a substitute of lenses to recombine, numerically rather than optically, light scattered by illuminated objects. Images obtained computationally allow aberration-free…

Optics · Physics 2007-05-23 S. Marchesini

Ising machines are emerging as a powerful physical alternative to digital processors for solving combinatorial optimization problems. Among them, spatial photonic Ising machines (SPIMs) offer compact, room-temperature hardware with…

Linear optical networks are fundamental to the advancement of quantum technologies, including quantum computing, communication, and sensing. The accurate characterization of these networks, described by unitary matrices, is crucial to their…

This paper presents an LMI-based design framework for multirate steady-state Kalman filters in systems with sensors operating at different sampling rates. The multirate system is formulated as a periodic time-varying system, where the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-30 Hiroshi Okajima