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Private Inference (PI) uses cryptographic primitives to perform privacy preserving machine learning. In this setting, the owner of the network runs inference on the data of the client without learning anything about the data and without…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Yonathan Bornfeld , Shai Avidan

Prior work on Private Inference (PI) -- inferences performed directly on encrypted input -- has focused on minimizing a network's ReLUs, which have been assumed to dominate PI latency rather than FLOPs. Recent work has shown that FLOPs for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Nandan Kumar Jha , Brandon Reagen

Privacy concerns in client-server machine learning have given rise to private inference (PI), where neural inference occurs directly on encrypted inputs. PI protects clients' personal data and the server's intellectual property. A common…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-04 Karthik Garimella , Nandan Kumar Jha , Brandon Reagen

Private computation of nonlinear functions, such as Rectified Linear Units (ReLUs) and max-pooling operations, in deep neural networks (DNNs) poses significant challenges in terms of storage, bandwidth, and time consumption. To address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Toluwani Aremu

Hybrid private inference (PI) protocol, which synergistically utilizes both multi-party computation (MPC) and homomorphic encryption, is one of the most prominent techniques for PI. However, even the state-of-the-art PI protocols are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-21 Jaiyoung Park , Michael Jaemin Kim , Wonkyung Jung , Jung Ho Ahn

Private inference (PI) enables inference directly on cryptographically secure data.While promising to address many privacy issues, it has seen limited use due to extreme runtimes. Unlike plaintext inference, where latency is dominated by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-09 Minsu Cho , Ameya Joshi , Siddharth Garg , Brandon Reagen , Chinmay Hegde

Outsourcing deep neural networks (DNNs) inference tasks to an untrusted cloud raises data privacy and integrity concerns. While there are many techniques to ensure privacy and integrity for polynomial-based computations, DNNs involve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Ramy E. Ali , Jinhyun So , A. Salman Avestimehr

The emergence of deep learning has been accompanied by privacy concerns surrounding users' data and service providers' models. We focus on private inference (PI), where the goal is to perform inference on a user's data sample using a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Minsu Cho , Zahra Ghodsi , Brandon Reagen , Siddharth Garg , Chinmay Hegde

The large number of ReLU non-linearity operations in existing deep neural networks makes them ill-suited for latency-efficient private inference (PI). Existing techniques to reduce ReLU operations often involve manual effort and sacrifice…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Souvik Kundu , Shunlin Lu , Yuke Zhang , Jacqueline Liu , Peter A. Beerel

Private inference (PI) serves an important role in guaranteeing the privacy of user data when interfacing with proprietary machine learning models such as LLMs. However, PI remains practically intractable due to the massive latency costs…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Patrick Yubeaton , Jianqiao Cambridge Mo , Karthik Garimella , Nandan Kumar Jha , Brandon Reagen , Chinmay Hegde , Siddharth Garg

The growth of the Machine-Learning-As-A-Service (MLaaS) market has highlighted clients' data privacy and security issues. Private inference (PI) techniques using cryptographic primitives offer a solution but often have high computation and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Hongwu Peng , Shaoyi Huang , Tong Zhou , Yukui Luo , Chenghong Wang , Zigeng Wang , Jiahui Zhao , Xi Xie , Ang Li , Tony Geng , Kaleel Mahmood , Wujie Wen , Xiaolin Xu , Caiwen Ding

Secure multi-party computation (MPC) techniques can be used to provide data privacy when users query deep neural network (DNN) models hosted on a public cloud. State-of-the-art MPC techniques can be directly leveraged for DNN models that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Mazharul Islam , Sunpreet S. Arora , Rahul Chatterjee , Peter Rindal , Maliheh Shirvanian

The growing concern about data privacy has led to the development of private inference (PI) frameworks in client-server applications which protects both data privacy and model IP. However, the cryptographic primitives required yield…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Sreetama Sarkar , Souvik Kundu , Peter A. Beerel

The rapid growth and deployment of deep learning (DL) has witnessed emerging privacy and security concerns. To mitigate these issues, secure multi-party computation (MPC) has been discussed, to enable the privacy-preserving DL computation.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-24 Hongwu Peng , Shanglin Zhou , Yukui Luo , Shijin Duan , Nuo Xu , Ran Ran , Shaoyi Huang , Chenghong Wang , Tong Geng , Ang Li , Wujie Wen , Xiaolin Xu , Caiwen Ding

The pervasiveness of proprietary language models has raised critical privacy concerns, necessitating advancements in private inference (PI), where computations are performed directly on encrypted data without revealing users' sensitive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Nandan Kumar Jha , Brandon Reagen

Advancements in adapting deep convolution architectures for Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have significantly enhanced image classification performance and reduced computational burdens. However, the inability of Multiplication-Free…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Boyan Li , Luziwei Leng , Shuaijie Shen , Kaixuan Zhang , Jianguo Zhang , Jianxing Liao , Ran Cheng

Ensuring privacy-preserving inference on cryptographically secure data is a well-known computational challenge. To alleviate the bottleneck of costly cryptographic computations in non-linear activations, recent methods have suggested…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Saswat Das , Marco Romanelli , Ferdinando Fioretto

Machine learning as a service has given raise to privacy concerns surrounding clients' data and providers' models and has catalyzed research in private inference (PI): methods to process inferences without disclosing inputs. Recently,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-14 Zahra Ghodsi , Akshaj Veldanda , Brandon Reagen , Siddharth Garg

Existing RNN-based approaches for action recognition from depth sequences require either skeleton joints or hand-crafted depth features as inputs. An end-to-end manner, mapping from raw depth maps to action classes, is non-trivial to design…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-09 Zhiyuan Shi , Tae-Kyun Kim

In recent years, deep neural networks (DNNs) achieved unprecedented performance in many low-level vision tasks. However, state-of-the-art results are typically achieved by very deep networks, which can reach tens of layers with tens of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Idan Kligvasser , Tamar Rott Shaham , Tomer Michaeli
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