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Kernels are a fundamental technical primitive in machine learning. In recent years, kernel-based methods such as Gaussian processes are becoming increasingly important in applications where quantifying uncertainty is of key interest. In…

Diffusion maps are a commonly used kernel-based method for manifold learning, which can reveal intrinsic structures in data and embed them in low dimensions. However, as with most kernel methods, its implementation requires a heavy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Scott Gigante , Jay S. Stanley , Ngan Vu , David van Dijk , Kevin Moon , Guy Wolf , Smita Krishnaswamy

Manifold learning is a fundamental problem in machine learning with numerous applications. Most of the existing methods directly learn the low-dimensional embedding of the data in some high-dimensional space, and usually lack the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Yufan Zhou , Changyou Chen , Jinhui Xu

We introduce two versions of a new sketch for approximately embedding the Gaussian kernel into Euclidean inner product space. These work by truncating infinite expansions of the Gaussian kernel, and carefully invoking the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-22 Jeff M. Phillips , Wai Ming Tai

Amidst the growing interest in nonparametric regression, we address a significant challenge in Gaussian processes(GP) applied to manifold-based predictors. Existing methods primarily focus on low dimensional constrained domains for heat…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-02-01 Ke Ye , Mu Niu , Pokman Cheung , Zhenwen Dai , Yuan Liu

Diffusion-based manifold learning methods have proven useful in representation learning and dimensionality reduction of modern high dimensional, high throughput, noisy datasets. Such datasets are especially present in fields like biology…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Guillaume Huguet , Alexander Tong , Edward De Brouwer , Yanlei Zhang , Guy Wolf , Ian Adelstein , Smita Krishnaswamy

Gaussian Process (GP) regression is a powerful nonparametric Bayesian framework, but its performance depends critically on the choice of covariance kernel. Selecting an appropriate kernel is therefore central to model quality, yet remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Md Shafiqul Islam , Shakti Prasad Padhy , Douglas Allaire , Raymundo Arróyave

Gaussian Processes (GPs) are known to provide accurate predictions and uncertainty estimates even with small amounts of labeled data by capturing similarity between data points through their kernel function. However traditional GP kernels…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Ankur Mallick , Chaitanya Dwivedi , Bhavya Kailkhura , Gauri Joshi , T. Yong-Jin Han

We establish a scalable manifold learning method and theory, motivated by the problem of estimating fMRI activation manifolds in the Human Connectome Project (HCP). Our primary contribution is the development of an efficient estimation…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-16 Junhui He , Guoxuan Ma , Jian Kang , Ying Yang

Gaussian process regression is widely used because of its ability to provide well-calibrated uncertainty estimates and handle small or sparse datasets. However, it struggles with high-dimensional data. One possible way to scale this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-02 Bernardo Fichera , Viacheslav Borovitskiy , Andreas Krause , Aude Billard

Gaussian Process regression is a kernel method successfully adopted in many real-life applications. Recently, there is a growing interest on extending this method to non-Euclidean input spaces, like the one considered in this paper,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-05 Antonio Candelieri , Andrea Ponti , Francesco Archetti

This article presents a novel approach to construct Intrinsic Gaussian Processes for regression on unknown manifolds with probabilistic metrics (GPUM) in point clouds. In many real world applications, one often encounters high dimensional…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-01-18 Mu Niu , Zhenwen Dai , Pokman Cheung , Yizhu Wang

In nonparametric regression, it is common for the inputs to fall in a restricted subset of Euclidean space. Typical kernel-based methods that do not take into account the intrinsic geometry of the domain across which observations are…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-11-04 David B Dunson , Hau-Tieng Wu , Nan Wu

We introduce new Gaussian Process (GP) high-order approximations to linear operations that are frequently used in various numerical methods. Our method employs the kernel-based GP regression modeling, a non-parametric Bayesian approach to…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-06-09 Christopher DeGrendele , Dongwook Lee

The kernel mean embedding of probability distributions is commonly used in machine learning as an injective mapping from distributions to functions in an infinite dimensional Hilbert space. It allows us, for example, to define a distance…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-24 Jonas M. Kübler , Krikamol Muandet , Bernhard Schölkopf

Gaussian processes (GPs) are very widely used for modeling of unknown functions or surfaces in applications ranging from regression to classification to spatial processes. Although there is an increasingly vast literature on applications,…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-06-28 Lizhen Lin , Mu Niu , Pokman Cheung , David Dunson

Gaussian processes (GPs) are ubiquitous tools for modeling and predicting continuous processes in physical and engineering sciences. This is partly due to the fact that one may employ a Gaussian process as an interpolator while facilitating…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-16 D. Andrew Brown , Peter Kiessler , John Nicholson

Kernel methods are learning algorithms that enjoy solid theoretical foundations while suffering from important computational limitations. Sketching, which consists in looking for solutions among a subspace of reduced dimension, is a well…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-07 Tamim El Ahmad , Pierre Laforgue , Florence d'Alché-Buc

The 3D Gaussian splatting method has drawn a lot of attention, thanks to its high performance in training and high quality of the rendered image. However, it uses anisotropic Gaussian kernels to represent the scene. Although such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Yuanhao Gong , Lantao Yu , Guanghui Yue

Gaussian process regression is a classical kernel method for function estimation and data interpolation. In large data applications, computational costs can be reduced using low-rank or sparse approximations of the kernel. This paper…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-10-04 Daniel Sanz-Alonso , Ruiyi Yang
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