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The development of Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) enhances Large Language Models (LLMs) with the ability to perceive data formats beyond text, significantly advancing a range of downstream applications, such as visual question…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Minbin Huang , Runhui Huang , Han Shi , Yimeng Chen , Chuanyang Zheng , Xiangguo Sun , Xin Jiang , Zhenguo Li , Hong Cheng

In recent years, the emergence of models capable of generating images from text has attracted considerable interest, offering the possibility of creating realistic images from text descriptions. Yet these advances have also raised concerns…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Mamadou Keita , Wassim Hamidouche , Hassen Bougueffa , Abdenour Hadid , Abdelmalik Taleb-Ahmed

The success of language Transformers is primarily attributed to the pretext task of masked language modeling (MLM), where texts are first tokenized into semantically meaningful pieces. In this work, we study masked image modeling (MIM) and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-28 Jinghao Zhou , Chen Wei , Huiyu Wang , Wei Shen , Cihang Xie , Alan Yuille , Tao Kong

Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) have recently emerged as powerful architectures capable of understanding and reasoning over both visual and textual information. These models typically rely on two key components: a Vision Transformer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Jiayun Luo , Wan-Cyuan Fan , Lyuyang Wang , Xiangteng He , Tanzila Rahman , Purang Abolmaesumi , Leonid Sigal

Current large vision-language models (LVLMs) typically rely on text-only reasoning based on a single-pass visual encoding, which often leads to loss of fine-grained visual information. Recently the proposal of ''thinking with images''…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Junfei Wu , Jian Guan , Qiang Liu , Shu Wu , Liang Wang , Wei Wu , Tieniu Tan

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have recently demonstrated remarkable capabilities in comprehending complex visual content. However, the mechanisms underlying how VLMs process visual information remain largely unexplored. In this paper, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Omri Kaduri , Shai Bagon , Tali Dekel

This paper presents a multimodal framework that attempts to unify visual understanding and generation within a shared discrete semantic representation. At its core is the Text-Aligned Tokenizer (TA-Tok), which converts images into discrete…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Jiaming Han , Hao Chen , Yang Zhao , Hanyu Wang , Qi Zhao , Ziyan Yang , Hao He , Xiangyu Yue , Lu Jiang

Modern multimodal large language models (MLLMs) typically keep the language model fixed and train a visual projector that maps the pixels into a sequence of tokens in its embedding space, so that images can be presented in essentially the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Hyun Lee , Hyemin Jeong , Yejin Kim , Hyungwook Choi , Hyunsoo Cho , Soo Kyung Kim , Joonseok Lee

Following the recent popularity of Large Language Models (LLMs), several attempts have been made to extend them to the visual domain. From having a visual assistant that could guide us through unfamiliar environments to generative models…

Large-scale contrastive pre-training produces powerful Vision-and-Language Models (VLMs) capable of generating representations (embeddings) effective for a wide variety of visual and multimodal tasks. However, these pretrained embeddings…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Nikolaos-Antonios Ypsilantis , Kaifeng Chen , André Araujo , Ondřej Chum

This paper demonstrates that a progressively aligned language model can effectively bridge frozen vision encoders and large language models (LLMs). While the fundamental architecture and pre-training methods of vision encoders and LLMs have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Junfei Xiao , Zheng Xu , Alan Yuille , Shen Yan , Boyu Wang

Decoding non-invasive brain recordings is pivotal for advancing our understanding of human cognition but faces challenges due to individual differences and complex neural signal representations. Traditional methods often require customized…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Guobin Shen , Dongcheng Zhao , Xiang He , Linghao Feng , Yiting Dong , Jihang Wang , Qian Zhang , Yi Zeng

Vision-language models (VLMs) excel at multimodal understanding, yet their text-only decoding forces them to verbalize visual reasoning, limiting performance on tasks that demand visual imagination. Recent attempts train VLMs to render…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Zeyuan Yang , Xueyang Yu , Delin Chen , Maohao Shen , Chuang Gan

Large language models (LLMs) and their multimodal variants can now process visual inputs, including images of text. This raises an intriguing question: can we compress textual inputs by feeding them as images to reduce token usage while…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Yanhong Li , Zixuan Lan , Jiawei Zhou

Existing vision-language models (VLMs) often suffer from visual hallucination, where the generated responses contain inaccuracies that are not grounded in the visual input. Efforts to address this issue without model finetuning primarily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Shunqi Mao , Chaoyi Zhang , Weidong Cai

Vision Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in various downstream tasks, including Image/Video Generation, Visual Question Answering, Multimodal Chatbots, and Video Understanding. However, these models often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Ahmad Mustafa Anis , Hasnain Ali , Saquib Sarfraz

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) integrate image encoders with Large Language Models (LLMs) to process multi-modal inputs and perform complex visual tasks. However, they often generate hallucinations by describing non-existent objects…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Yaqi Sun , Kyohei Atarashi , Koh Takeuchi , Hisashi Kashima

Text-rich VQA, namely Visual Question Answering based on text recognition in the images, is a cross-modal task that requires both image comprehension and text recognition. In this work, we focus on investigating the advantages and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Xuejing Liu , Wei Tang , Xinzhe Ni , Jinghui Lu , Rui Zhao , Zechao Li , Fei Tan

Humans can visualize new and unknown concepts from their natural language description, based on their experience and previous knowledge. Insipired by this, we present a way to extend this ability to Vision-Language Models (VLMs), teaching…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Carlo Alberto Barbano , Luca Molinaro , Massimiliano Ciranni , Emanuele Aiello , Vito Paolo Pastore , Marco Grangetto

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) often face a modality representation gap during pretraining: while language embeddings remain stable, visual representations are highly sensitive to contextual noise (e.g., background clutter). To address this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Yin Xie , Kaicheng Yang , Peirou Liang , Xiang An , Yongle Zhao , Yumeng Wang , Ziyong Feng , Roy Miles , Ismail Elezi , Jiankang Deng