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In this paper, we investigate the use of diffusion models which are pre-trained on large-scale image-caption pairs for open-vocabulary 3D semantic understanding. We propose a novel method, namely Diff2Scene, which leverages frozen…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Xiaoyu Zhu , Hao Zhou , Pengfei Xing , Long Zhao , Hao Xu , Junwei Liang , Alexander Hauptmann , Ting Liu , Andrew Gallagher

Generating realistic 3D point clouds is a fundamental problem in computer vision with applications in remote sensing, robotics, and digital object modeling. Existing generative approaches primarily capture geometry, and when semantics are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Gunner Stone , Sushmita Sarker , Alireza Tavakkoli

Perception systems play a crucial role in autonomous driving, incorporating multiple sensors and corresponding computer vision algorithms. 3D LiDAR sensors are widely used to capture sparse point clouds of the vehicle's surroundings.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Helin Cao , Sven Behnke

Semantic understanding of 3D scenes is essential for robots to operate effectively and safely in complex environments. Existing methods for semantic scene reconstruction and semantic-aware novel view synthesis often rely on dense multi-view…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Sheng Ye , Zhen-Hui Dong , Ruoyu Fan , Tian Lv , Yong-Jin Liu

Creating high-fidelity 3D models of indoor environments is essential for applications in design, virtual reality, and robotics. However, manual 3D modeling remains time-consuming and labor-intensive. While recent advances in generative AI…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Chuan Fang , Heng Li , Yixun Liang , Jia Zheng , Yongsen Mao , Yuan Liu , Rui Tang , Zihan Zhou , Ping Tan

The advance of generative models for images has inspired various training techniques for image recognition utilizing synthetic images. In semantic segmentation, one promising approach is extracting pseudo-masks from attention maps in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Ryota Yoshihashi , Yuya Otsuka , Kenji Doi , Tomohiro Tanaka , Hirokatsu Kataoka

Computer vision techniques play a central role in the perception stack of autonomous vehicles. Such methods are employed to perceive the vehicle surroundings given sensor data. 3D LiDAR sensors are commonly used to collect sparse 3D point…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Lucas Nunes , Rodrigo Marcuzzi , Benedikt Mersch , Jens Behley , Cyrill Stachniss

We present a deep generative scene modeling technique for indoor environments. Our goal is to train a generative model using a feed-forward neural network that maps a prior distribution (e.g., a normal distribution) to the distribution of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-08 Zaiwei Zhang , Zhenpei Yang , Chongyang Ma , Linjie Luo , Alexander Huth , Etienne Vouga , Qixing Huang

Due to the high inter-class similarity caused by the complex composition and the co-existing objects across scenes, numerous studies have explored object semantic knowledge within scenes to improve scene recognition. However, a resulting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Chuanxin Song , Hanbo Wu , Xin Ma , Yibin Li

We present DiffInDScene, a novel framework for tackling the problem of high-quality 3D indoor scene generation, which is challenging due to the complexity and diversity of the indoor scene geometry. Although diffusion-based generative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Xiaoliang Ju , Zhaoyang Huang , Yijin Li , Guofeng Zhang , Yu Qiao , Hongsheng Li

Scene text detection techniques have garnered significant attention due to their wide-ranging applications. However, existing methods have a high demand for training data, and obtaining accurate human annotations is labor-intensive and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Ling Fu , Zijie Wu , Yingying Zhu , Yuliang Liu , Xiang Bai

Text-driven image generation using diffusion models has recently gained significant attention. To enable more flexible image manipulation and editing, recent research has expanded from single image generation to transparent layer generation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Junjia Huang , Pengxiang Yan , Jinhang Cai , Jiyang Liu , Zhao Wang , Yitong Wang , Xinglong Wu , Guanbin Li

Semantic communications mark a paradigm shift from bit-accurate transmission toward meaning-centric communication, essential as wireless systems approach theoretical capacity limits. The emergence of generative AI has catalyzed generative…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-08 Hai-Long Qin , Jincheng Dai , Guo Lu , Shuo Shao , Sixian Wang , Tongda Xu , Wenjun Zhang , Ping Zhang , Khaled B. Letaief

Three-dimensional scene generation is crucial in computer vision, with applications spanning autonomous driving, gaming and the metaverse. Current methods either lack user control or rely on imprecise, non-intuitive conditions. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Yuheng Liu , Xinke Li , Yuning Zhang , Lu Qi , Xin Li , Wenping Wang , Chongshou Li , Xueting Li , Ming-Hsuan Yang

With deep learning becoming a more prominent approach for automatic classification of three-dimensional point cloud data, a key bottleneck is the amount of high quality training data, especially when compared to that available for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-11 David Griffiths , Jan Boehm

Modern machine learning models for scene understanding, such as depth estimation and object tracking, rely on large, high-quality datasets that mimic real-world deployment scenarios. To address data scarcity, we propose an end-to-end system…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Sonia Laguna , Alberto Garcia-Garcia , Marie-Julie Rakotosaona , Stylianos Moschoglou , Leonhard Helminger , Sergio Orts-Escolano

We present Frankenstein, a diffusion-based framework that can generate semantic-compositional 3D scenes in a single pass. Unlike existing methods that output a single, unified 3D shape, Frankenstein simultaneously generates multiple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Han Yan , Yang Li , Zhennan Wu , Shenzhou Chen , Weixuan Sun , Taizhang Shang , Weizhe Liu , Tian Chen , Xiaqiang Dai , Chao Ma , Hongdong Li , Pan Ji

Diffusion models have shown remarkable results in generating 2D images and small-scale 3D objects. However, their application to the synthesis of large-scale 3D scenes has been rarely explored. This is mainly due to the inherent complexity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Yuheng Liu , Xinke Li , Xueting Li , Lu Qi , Chongshou Li , Ming-Hsuan Yang

Diffusion models are advancing autonomous driving by enabling realistic data synthesis, predictive end-to-end planning, and closed-loop simulation, with a primary focus on temporally consistent generation. However, large-scale 3D scene…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yu Yang , Alan Liang , Jianbiao Mei , Yukai Ma , Yong Liu , Gim Hee Lee

We address the challenge of generating 3D worlds from textual descriptions. We propose SynCity, a training- and optimization-free approach, which leverages the geometric precision of pre-trained 3D generative models and the artistic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Paul Engstler , Aleksandar Shtedritski , Iro Laina , Christian Rupprecht , Andrea Vedaldi