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Formal grammars are extensively used in Computer Science and related fields to study the rules which govern production of a language. The use of these grammars can be extended beyond mere language production. One possibility is to view…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2017-08-17 Abhinav Aggarwal

The increasing level of autonomy of robots poses challenges of trust and social acceptance, especially in human-robot interaction scenarios. This requires an interpretable implementation of robotic cognitive capabilities, possibly based on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Daniele Meli , Paolo Fiorini

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into robotics has unlocked unprecedented capabilities in high-level task planning. However, most current systems operate in an open-loop fashion, where LLMs act as one-shot planners, rendering…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Anjali R. Menon , Rohit K. Sharma , Priya Singh , Chengyu Wang , Aurora M. Ferreira , Mateja Novak

Rigid body dynamics algorithms play a crucial role in several components of a robot controller and simulations. Real time constraints in high frequency control loops and time requirements of specific applications demand these functions to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2013-01-31 Marco Frigerio , Jonas Buchli , Darwin G. Caldwell

Safe human-robot interactions require robots to be able to learn how to behave appropriately in \sout{humans' world} \rev{spaces populated by people} and thus to cope with the challenges posed by our dynamic and unstructured environment,…

Task planning can require defining myriad domain knowledge about the world in which a robot needs to act. To ameliorate that effort, large language models (LLMs) can be used to score potential next actions during task planning, and even…

We present a system for generating and understanding of dynamic and static spatial relations in robotic interaction setups. Robots describe an environment of moving blocks using English phrases that include spatial relations such as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-07-21 Michael Spranger , Jakob Suchan , Mehul Bhatt

Recent end-to-end robotic manipulation research increasingly adopts architectures inspired by large language models to enable robust manipulation. However, a critical challenge arises from severe distribution shifts between robotic action…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Yuchi Zhang , Churui Sun , Shiqi Liang , Diyuan Liu , Chao Ji , Wei-Nan Zhang , Ting Liu

It is highly desirable for robots that work alongside humans to be able to understand instructions in natural language. Existing language conditioned imitation learning models directly predict the actuator commands from the image…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Sagar Gubbi Venkatesh , Raviteja Upadrashta , Bharadwaj Amrutur

Spoken language is a convenient interface for commanding a mobile robot. Yet for this to work a number of base terms must be grounded in perceptual and motor skills. We detail the language processing used on our robot ELI and explain how…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-08-01 Jonathan Connell

Bridging the gap between natural language commands and autonomous execution in unstructured environments remains an open challenge for robotics. This requires robots to perceive and reason over the current task scene through multiple…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Jin Wang , Kim Tien Ly , Jacques Cloete , Nikos Tsagarakis , Ioannis Havoutis

In robotic, task goals can be conveyed through various modalities, such as language, goal images, and goal videos. However, natural language can be ambiguous, while images or videos may offer overly detailed specifications. To tackle these…

This paper describes an integrated solution to the problem of describing and interpreting goals for robots in open uncertain domains. Given a formal specification of a desired situation, in which objects are described only by their…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-12-22 Leslie Pack Kaelbling , Alex LaGrassa , Tomás Lozano-Pérez

Even though intelligent systems such as Siri or Google Assistant are enjoyable (and useful) dialog partners, users can only access predefined functionality. Enabling end-users to extend the functionality of intelligent systems will be the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Sebastian Weigelt , Vanessa Steurer , Walter F. Tichy

Recent large language models (LLMs) are capable of planning robot actions. In this paper, we explore how LLMs can be used for planning actions with tasks involving situational human-robot interaction (HRI). A key problem of applying LLMs in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Kazuhiro Sasabuchi , Naoki Wake , Atsushi Kanehira , Jun Takamatsu , Katsushi Ikeuchi

While Golog is an expressive programming language to control the high-level behavior of a robot, it is often tedious to use on a real robotic system. On an actual robot, the user needs to consider low-level details, such as enabling and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Till Hofmann , Stefan Schupp

Industrial robots are applied in a widening range of industries, but robot programming mostly remains a task limited to programming experts. We propose a natural language-based assistant for programming of advanced, industrial robotic…

We consider the problem of learning useful robotic skills from previously collected offline data without access to manually specified rewards or additional online exploration, a setting that is becoming increasingly important for scaling…

Learning generalizable policies for robotic manipulation increasingly relies on large-scale models that map language instructions to actions (L2A). However, this one-way paradigm often produces policies that execute tasks without deeper…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Youngjin Hong , Houjian Yu , Mingen Li , Changhyun Choi

Intelligent agents, such as robots, are increasingly deployed in real-world, human-centric environments. To foster appropriate human trust and meet legal and ethical standards, these agents must be able to explain their behavior. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Zhang Xi-Jia , Yue Guo , Shufei Chen , Simon Stepputtis , Matthew Gombolay , Katia Sycara , Joseph Campbell