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Self-admitted technical debt (SATD) refers to technical debt that is intentionally introduced by developers and explicitly documented in code comments or other software artifacts (e.g., issue reports) to annotate sub-optimal decisions made…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Jerin Yasmin , Mohammad Sadegh Sheikhaei , Yuan Tian

Self-Admitted Technical Debt (SATD) encompasses a wide array of sub-optimal design and implementation choices reported in software artefacts (e.g., code comments and commit messages) by developers themselves. Such reports have been central…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Nicolás E. Díaz Ferreyra , Mojtaba Shahin , Mansooreh Zahedi , Sodiq Quadri , Ricardo Scandariato

Self-admitted technical debt (SATD), referring to comments flagged by developers that explicitly acknowledge suboptimal code or incomplete functionality, has received extensive attention in machine learning (ML) and traditional (Non-ML)…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Niruthiha Selvanayagam , Taher A. Ghaleb , Manel Abdellatif

Self-Admitted Technical Debt or SATD can be found in various sources, such as source code comments, commit messages, issue tracking systems, and pull requests. Previous research has established the existence of relations between SATD items…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Yikun Li , Mohamed Soliman , Paris Avgeriou

Keeping track of and managing Self-Admitted Technical Debts (SATDs) are important to maintaining a healthy software project. This requires much time and effort from human experts to identify the SATDs manually. The current automated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Zhe Yu , Fahmid Morshed Fahid , Huy Tu , Tim Menzies

Self-Admitted Technical Debt (SATD) is a form of Technical Debt where developers document the debt using source code comments (SATD-C) or issues (SATD-I). However, it is still unclear the circumstances that drive developers to choose one or…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Laerte Xavier , João Eduardo Montandon , Marco Tulio Valente

Technical debt (TD) describes the additional costs that emerge when developers have opted for a quick and easy solution to a problem, rather than a more effective and well-designed, but time-consuming approach. Self-Admitted Technical Debts…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Nam Le Hai , Anh M. T. Bui , Phuong T. Nguyen , Davide Di Ruscio , Rick Kazman

Context. Detecting Self-Admitted Technical Debt (SATD) is crucial for proactive software maintenance. Previous research has primarily targeted detecting and prioritizing SATD, with little focus on the source code afflicted with SATD. Our…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Murali Sridharan , Mikel Robredo , Leevi Rantala , Matteo Esposito , Valentina Lenarduzzi , Mika Mantyla

Technical Debt is a common issue that arises when short-term gains are prioritized over long-term costs, leading to a degradation in the quality of the code. Self-Admitted Technical Debt (SATD) is a specific type of Technical Debt that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Shima Esfandiari , Ashkan Sami

Technical debt refers to taking shortcuts to achieve short-term goals, which might negatively influence software maintenance in the long-term. There is increasing attention on technical debt that is admitted by developers in source code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-02-07 Yikun Li , Mohamed Soliman , Paris Avgeriou

Developers often leave behind clues in their code, admitting where it falls short, known as Self-Admitted Technical Debt (SATD). In the world of Scientific Software (SSW), where innovation moves fast and collaboration is key, such debt is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Eric L. Melin , Ahmed Musa Awon , Nasir U. Eisty , Neil A. Ernst , Shurui Zhou

The emergence of open-source ML libraries such as TensorFlow and Google Auto ML has enabled developers to harness state-of-the-art ML algorithms with minimal overhead. However, during this accelerated ML development process, said developers…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Aaditya Bhatia , Foutse Khomh , Bram Adams , Ahmed E Hassan

The development of Machine Learning (ML)- and, more recently, of Deep Learning (DL)-intensive systems requires suitable choices, e.g., in terms of technology, algorithms, and hyper-parameters. Such choices depend on developers' experience,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Federica Pepe , Fiorella Zampetti , Antonio Mastropaolo , Gabriele Bavota , Massimiliano Di Penta

Software and systems traceability is essential for downstream tasks such as data-driven software analysis and intelligent tool development. However, despite the increasing attention to mining and understanding technical debt in software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Mohammad Sadegh Sheikhaei , Yuan Tian

Technical debt describes situations where developers write less-than-optimal code to meet project milestones. However, this debt accumulation often results in future developer effort to live with or fix these quality issues. To better…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Gregory Wilder , Riley Miyamoto , Samuel Watson , Rick Kazman , Anthony Peruma

Upon evolving their software, organizations and individual developers have to spend a substantial effort to pay back technical debt, i.e., the fact that software is released in a shape not as good as it should be, e.g., in terms of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Antonio Mastropaolo , Massimiliano Di Penta , Gabriele Bavota

Technical debt, specifically Self-Admitted Technical Debt (SATD), remains a significant challenge for software developers and managers due to its potential to adversely affect long-term software maintainability. Although various approaches…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-28 Yikun Li , Mohamed Soliman , Paris Avgeriou , Maarten van Ittersum

Technical debt refers to suboptimal code that degrades software quality. When developers intentionally introduce such debt, it is called self-admitted technical debt (SATD). Since SATD hinders maintenance, identifying its categories is key…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Sota Nakashima , Yuta Ishimoto , Masanari Kondo , Tao Xiao , Yasutaka Kamei

A high imbalance exists between technical debt and non-technical debt source code comments. Such imbalance affects Self-Admitted Technical Debt (SATD) detection performance, and existing literature lacks empirical evidence on the choice of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-25 Murali Sridharan , Mika Mantyla , Leevi Rantala , Maelick Claes

Multi-task learning is a paradigm that leverages information from related tasks to improve the performance of machine learning. Self-Admitted Technical Debt (SATD) are comments in the code that indicate not-quite-right code introduced for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Barbara Russo , Jorge Melegati , Moritz Mock