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Attribution methods calculate attributions that visually explain the predictions of deep neural networks (DNNs) by highlighting important parts of the input features. In particular, gradient-based attribution (GBA) methods are widely used…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Jae-Hong Lee , Joon-Hyuk Chang

The extraction of parton distribution functions (PDFs) from experimental or lattice QCD data is an ill-posed inverse problem, where regularization strongly impacts both systematic uncertainties and the reliability of the results. We study a…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2026-02-11 Yamil Cahuana Medrano , Hervé Dutrieux , Joseph Karpie , Kostas Orginos , Savvas Zafeiropoulos

If a prediction model identifies vulnerable individuals or groups, the use of that model may become an ethical issue. But can we know that this is what a model does? Machine learning fairness as a field is focused on the just treatment of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Inga Strümke , Marija Slavkovik

The proliferation of complex, black-box AI models has intensified the need for techniques that can explain their decisions. Feature attribution methods have become a popular solution for providing post-hoc explanations, yet the field has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Xinpeng Li , Kai Ming Ting

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is increasingly required in computational economics, where machine-learning forecasters can outperform classical econometric models but remain difficult to audit and use for policy. This survey…

General Economics · Economics 2025-12-16 Agustín García-García , Pablo Hidalgo , Julio E. Sandubete

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) aims to provide transparent insights into machine learning models, yet the reliability of many feature attribution methods remains a critical challenge. Prior research (Haufe et al., 2014; Wilming…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Benedict Clark , Stoyan Karastoyanov , Rick Wilming , Stefan Haufe

Artificial Intelligence (AI) models have reached a very significant level of accuracy. While their superior performance offers considerable benefits, their inherent complexity often decreases human trust, which slows their application in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Pierre-Daniel Arsenault , Shengrui Wang , Jean-Marc Patenande

A multitude of explainability methods and associated fidelity performance metrics have been proposed to help better understand how modern AI systems make decisions. However, much of the current work has remained theoretical -- without much…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Julien Colin , Thomas Fel , Remi Cadene , Thomas Serre

Ensuring the trustworthiness and interpretability of machine learning models is critical to their deployment in real-world applications. Feature attribution methods have gained significant attention, which provide local explanations of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Md Abdul Kadir , Gowtham Krishna Addluri , Daniel Sonntag

EXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) aims to help users to grasp the reasoning behind the predictions of an Artificial Intelligence (AI) system. Many XAI approaches have emerged in recent years. Consequently, a subfield related to the…

Artificial intelligence methods are being increasingly applied across various domains, but their often opaque nature has raised concerns about accountability and trust. In response, the field of explainable AI (XAI) has emerged to address…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Ryan Zhou , Jaume Bacardit , Alexander Brownlee , Stefano Cagnoni , Martin Fyvie , Giovanni Iacca , John McCall , Niki van Stein , David Walker , Ting Hu

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) addresses the growing need for transparency and interpretability in AI systems, enabling trust and accountability in decision-making processes. This book offers a comprehensive guide to XAI,…

Improving the interpretability of geospatial artificial intelligence (GeoAI) models has become critically important to open the "black box" of complex AI models, such as deep learning. This paper compares popular saliency map generation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Chia-Yu Hsu , Wenwen Li

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) methods help to understand the internal mechanism of machine learning models and how they reach a specific decision or made a specific action. The list of informative features is one of the most…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Ahmed M Salih

We present a novel approach for explaining Gaussian processes (GPs) that can utilize the full analytical covariance structure present in GPs. Our method is based on the popular solution concept of Shapley values extended to stochastic…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-05-25 Siu Lun Chau , Krikamol Muandet , Dino Sejdinovic

We show new connections between adversarial learning and explainability for deep neural networks (DNNs). One form of explanation of the output of a neural network model in terms of its input features, is a vector of feature-attributions.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Prasad Chalasani , Jiefeng Chen , Amrita Roy Chowdhury , Somesh Jha , Xi Wu

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has become critical in enhancing the transparency and trustworthiness of AI systems, especially as these systems are increasingly deployed in high-stakes domains such as healthcare and finance.…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Shengxin Hong , Xiuyi Fan

Gaussian process regression (GPR) is a non-parametric Bayesian technique for interpolating or fitting data. The main barrier to further uptake of this powerful tool rests in the computational costs associated with the matrices which arise…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-05-16 Christopher J. Moore , Alvin J. K. Chua , Christopher P. L. Berry , Jonathan R. Gair

Recent research has demonstrated that feature attribution methods for deep networks can themselves be incorporated into training; these attribution priors optimize for a model whose attributions have certain desirable properties -- most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-12 Gabriel Erion , Joseph D. Janizek , Pascal Sturmfels , Scott Lundberg , Su-In Lee

Machine learning transparency calls for interpretable explanations of how inputs relate to predictions. Feature attribution is a way to analyze the impact of features on predictions. Feature interactions are the contextual dependence…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-22 Michael Tsang , Sirisha Rambhatla , Yan Liu
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