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Self-assessment is a key aspect of reliable intelligence, yet evaluations of large language models (LLMs) focus mainly on task accuracy. We adapted the 10-item General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) to elicit simulated self-assessments from ten…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Daniel I Jackson , Emma L Jensen , Syed-Amad Hussain , Emre Sezgin

Grammar Error Correction(GEC) mainly relies on the availability of high quality of large amount of synthetic parallel data of grammatically correct and erroneous sentence pairs. The quality of the synthetic data is evaluated on how well the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Vanya Bannihatti Kumar

Reward models (RMs) play a critical role in aligning language models through the process of reinforcement learning from human feedback. RMs are trained to predict a score reflecting human preference, which requires significant time and cost…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Zihuiwen Ye , Fraser Greenlee-Scott , Max Bartolo , Phil Blunsom , Jon Ander Campos , Matthias Gallé

Feature selection is an important and active field of research in machine learning and data science. Our goal in this paper is to propose a collection of synthetic datasets that can be used as a common reference point for feature selection…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Firuz Kamalov , Hana Sulieman , Aswani Kumar Cherukuri

Person re-identification (re-ID) has gained more and more attention due to its widespread applications in intelligent video surveillance. Unfortunately, the mainstream deep learning methods still need a large quantity of labeled data to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Qi Wang , Sikai Bai , Junyu Gao , Yuan Yuan , Xuelong Li

Labeling data is essential for training text classifiers but is often difficult to accomplish accurately, especially for complex and abstract concepts. Seeking an improved method, this paper employs a novel approach using a generative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Sergio Pelaez , Gaurav Verma , Barbara Ribeiro , Philip Shapira

This work describes a self-supervised data augmentation approach used to improve learning models' performances when only a moderate amount of labeled data is available. Multiple copies of the original model are initially trained on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-18 Gabriele Sarti

Large Language Models (LLMs) with extended context windows promise direct reasoning over long documents, reducing the need for chunking or retrieval. Constructing annotated resources for training and evaluation, however, remains costly.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Mohamed Elaraby , Jyoti Prakash Maheswari

In the absence of large labelled datasets, self-supervised learning techniques can boost performance by learning useful representations from unlabelled data, which is often more readily available. However, there is often a domain shift…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Linus Ericsson , Henry Gouk , Timothy M. Hospedales

Any digital personal assistant, whether used to support task performance, answer questions, or manage work and daily life, including fitness schedules, requires high-quality annotations to function properly. However, user annotations,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Andrea Bontempelli , Matteo Busso , Leonardo Javier Malcotti , Fausto Giunchiglia

The success of AI models relies on the availability of large, diverse, and high-quality datasets, which can be challenging to obtain due to data scarcity, privacy concerns, and high costs. Synthetic data has emerged as a promising solution…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Ruibo Liu , Jerry Wei , Fangyu Liu , Chenglei Si , Yanzhe Zhang , Jinmeng Rao , Steven Zheng , Daiyi Peng , Diyi Yang , Denny Zhou , Andrew M. Dai

As the popularity of autonomous vehicles has grown, many standards and regulators, such as ISO, NHTSA, and Euro NCAP, require safety validation to ensure a sufficient level of safety before deploying them in the real world. Manufacturers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Linh Trinh , Ali Anwar , Siegfried Mercelis

Human annotation cost and time remain significant bottlenecks in Natural Language Processing (NLP), with test data annotation being particularly expensive due to the stringent requirement for low-error and high-quality labels necessary for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Antonio Purificato , Maria Sofia Bucarelli , Andrea Bacciu , Amin Mantrach , Fabrizio Silvestri

Multi-label sentiment classification plays a vital role in natural language processing by detecting multiple emotions within a single text. However, existing datasets like GoEmotions often suffer from severe class imbalance, which hampers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Zijin Su , Huanzhu Lyu , Yuren Niu , Yiming Liu

As the adoption of deep learning techniques in industrial applications grows with increasing speed and scale, successful deployment of deep learning models often hinges on the availability, volume, and quality of annotated data. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Haoping Bai , Meng Cao , Ping Huang , Jiulong Shan

The issues that must be considered regarding the utilization of synthetic data generated through LLMs for multilabel patent classification include (i) when the use of such data may help and (ii) why. Indeed, the former part appropriately…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Amirhossein Yousefiramandi , Ciaran Cooney

Comprehensive evaluation of mobile agents can significantly advance their development and real-world applicability. However, existing benchmarks lack practicality and scalability due to the extensive manual effort in defining task reward…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Jiahui Sun , Zhichao Hua , Yubin Xia

Surveys provide valuable insights into public opinion and behavior, but their execution is costly and slow. Large language models (LLMs) have been proposed as a scalable, low-cost substitute for human respondents, but their outputs are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Stefan Krsteski , Giuseppe Russo , Serina Chang , Robert West , Kristina Gligorić

A growing body of research runs human subject evaluations to study whether providing users with explanations of machine learning models can help them with practical real-world use cases. However, running user studies is challenging and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Valerie Chen , Nari Johnson , Nicholay Topin , Gregory Plumb , Ameet Talwalkar

State-of-the-art machine learning models require access to significant amount of annotated data in order to achieve the desired level of performance. While unlabelled data can be largely available and even abundant, annotation process can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-15 Rahaf Aljundi , Nikolay Chumerin , Daniel Olmeda Reino