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Large language model (LLM) agents struggle to autonomously evolve coordination strategies in dynamic environments, largely because coarse global outcomes obscure the causal signals needed for local policy refinement. We identify this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Huaiyuan Yao , Longchao Da , Xiaoou Liu , Charles Fleming , Tianlong Chen , Hua Wei

This paper explores the impact of relational state abstraction on sample efficiency and performance in collaborative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning. The proposed abstraction is based on spatial relationships in environments where direct…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Sharlin Utke , Jeremie Houssineau , Giovanni Montana

We study multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) with centralized training and decentralized execution. During the training, new agents may join, and existing agents may unexpectedly leave the training. In such situations, a standard deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-05 Xuting Tang , Jia Xu , Shusen Wang

Humans face countless scenarios that require reasoning and judgment in daily life. However, existing large language model training methods primarily allow models to learn from existing textual content or solve predetermined problems,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Yin Cai , Zhouhong Gu , Juntao Zhang , Ping Chen

In the real world, people/entities usually find matches independently and autonomously, such as finding jobs, partners, roommates, etc. It is possible that this search for matches starts with no initial knowledge of the environment. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Kshitija Taywade , Judy Goldsmith , Brent Harrison

Multi-agent systems have evolved into practical LLM-driven collaborators for many applications, gaining robustness from diversity and cross-checking. However, multi-agent RL (MARL) training is resource-intensive and unstable: co-adapting…

Computational models of emergent communication in agent populations are currently gaining interest in the machine learning community due to recent advances in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL). Current contributions are however…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Clément Moulin-Frier , Pierre-Yves Oudeyer

Communication is a important factor that enables agents work cooperatively in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL). Most previous work uses continuous message communication whose high representational capacity comes at the expense of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Sheng Li , Yutai Zhou , Ross Allen , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

Exploration efficiency is a challenging problem in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), as the policy learned by confederate MARL depends on the collaborative approach among multiple agents. Another important problem is the less…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-30 Qisheng Wang , Qichao Wang

Centralized training with decentralized execution (CTDE) is a widely-used learning paradigm that has achieved significant success in complex tasks. However, partial observability issues and the absence of effectively shared signals between…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-05-01 Dapeng Li , Zhiwei Xu , Bin Zhang , Guoliang Fan

Communication enables coordination in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), but many real-world applications, e.g., search-and-rescue with drone swarms, operate under severe bandwidth constraints. Many communication architectures still…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Alexi Canesse , Benoît Goupil , Jesse Read , Sonia Vanier

This work explores the large-scale multi-agent communication mechanism under a multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) setting. We summarize the general categories of topology for communication structures in MARL literature, which are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-12 Junjie Sheng , Xiangfeng Wang , Bo Jin , Junchi Yan , Wenhao Li , Tsung-Hui Chang , Jun Wang , Hongyuan Zha

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) methods typically require that agents enjoy global state observability, preventing development of decentralized algorithms and limiting scalability. Recent work has shown that, under assumptions on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Wesley A Suttle , Vipul K Sharma , Brian M Sadler

Mission-oriented drone networks have been widely used for structural inspection, disaster monitoring, border surveillance, etc. Due to the limited battery capacity of drones, mission execution strategy impacts network performance and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Ying Li , Changling Li , Jiyao Chen , Christine Roinou

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) provides a powerful framework for learning coordination in multi-agent systems. However, applying MARL to robotics still remains challenging due to high-dimensional continuous joint action spaces,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Seoyeon Choi , Kanghyun Ryu , Jonghoon Ock , Negar Mehr

The exploration of unknown, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) denied environments by an autonomous communication-aware and collaborative group of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) presents significant challenges in coordination,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Tiago Leite , Maria Conceição , António Grilo

Multi-agent systems (MAS) have shown great potential in executing complex tasks, but coordination and safety remain significant challenges. Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) offers a promising framework for agent collaboration, but…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Ziqi Jia , Junjie Li , Xiaoyang Qu , Jianzong Wang

This paper aims to develop a paradigm that models the learning behavior of intelligent agents (including but not limited to autonomous vehicles, connected and automated vehicles, or human-driven vehicles with intelligent navigation systems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Zhenyu Shou , Xu Chen , Yongjie Fu , Xuan Di

Training agents that can coordinate zero-shot with humans is a key mission in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL). Current algorithms focus on training simulated human partner policies which are then used to train a Cooperator agent.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Yancheng Liang , Daphne Chen , Abhishek Gupta , Simon S. Du , Natasha Jaques

Cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) aims to develop agents that can collaborate effectively. However, most cooperative MARL methods overfit training agents, making learned policies not generalize well to unseen…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Kanefumi Matsuyama , Kefan Su , Jiangxing Wang , Deheng Ye , Zongqing Lu