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In this paper, we consider a theoretical model for injecting data bias, namely, under-representation and label bias (Blum & Stangl, 2019). We empirically study the effect of varying data biases on the accuracy and fairness of fair…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Mohit Sharma , Amit Deshpande , Rajiv Ratn Shah

A key recent advance in face recognition models a test face image as a sparse linear combination of a set of training face images. The resulting sparse representations have been shown to possess robustness against a variety of distortions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2011-11-09 Yi Chen , Umamahesh Srinivas , Thong T. Do , Vishal Monga , Trac D. Tran

Successful forensic detectors can produce excellent results in supervised learning benchmarks but struggle to transfer to real-world applications. We believe this limitation is largely due to inadequate training data quality. While most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Fabrizio Guillaro , Giada Zingarini , Ben Usman , Avneesh Sud , Davide Cozzolino , Luisa Verdoliva

In the last few years, the artifact patterns in fake images synthesized by different generative models have been inconsistent, leading to the failure of previous research that relied on spotting subtle differences between real and fake. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Ziyou Liang , Weifeng Liu , Run Wang , Mengjie Wu , Boheng Li , Yuyang Zhang , Lina Wang , Xinyi Yang

Deep learning models are known to often learn features that spuriously correlate with the class label during training but are irrelevant to the prediction task. Existing methods typically address this issue by annotating potential spurious…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Weiwei Li , Junzhuo Liu , Yuanyuan Ren , Yuchen Zheng , Yahao Liu , Wen Li

Geographical, gender and stereotypical biases in computer vision models pose significant challenges to their performance and fairness. {In this study, we present an approach named FaceSaliencyAug aimed at addressing the gender bias in}…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Teerath Kumar , Alessandra Mileo , Malika Bendechache

Facial attributes are emerging soft biometrics that have the potential to reject non-matches, for example, based on mismatching gender. To be usable in stand-alone systems, facial attributes must be extracted from images automatically and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-09-20 Andras Rozsa , Manuel Günther , Ethan M. Rudd , Terrance E. Boult

Discriminative approaches to classification often learn shortcuts that hold in-distribution but fail even under minor distribution shift. This failure mode stems from an overreliance on features that are spuriously correlated with the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Alexander C. Li , Ananya Kumar , Deepak Pathak

Simple data augmentation techniques, such as rotations and flips, are widely used to enhance the generalization power of computer vision models. However, these techniques often fail to modify high-level semantic attributes of a class. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Tobias Lingenberg , Markus Reuter , Gopika Sudhakaran , Dominik Gojny , Stefan Roth , Simone Schaub-Meyer

Diffusion models conditioned on identity embeddings enable the generation of synthetic face images that consistently preserve identity across multiple samples. Recent work has shown that introducing an additional negative condition through…

Graphics · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Eduarda Caldeira , Tahar Chettaoui , Naser Damer , Fadi Boutros

Although significant progress has been made in face recognition, demographic bias still exists in face recognition systems. For instance, it usually happens that the face recognition performance for a certain demographic group is lower than…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Fu-En Wang , Chien-Yi Wang , Min Sun , Shang-Hong Lai

We introduce GANDiff FR, the first synthetic framework that precisely controls demographic and environmental factors to measure, explain, and reduce bias with reproducible rigor. GANDiff FR unifies StyleGAN3-based identity-preserving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Md Asgor Hossain Reaj , Rajan Das Gupta , Md Yeasin Rahat , Nafiz Fahad , Md Jawadul Hasan , Tze Hui Liew

Face anti-spoofing aims to discriminate the spoofing face images (e.g., printed photos) from live ones. However, adversarial examples greatly challenge its credibility, where adding some perturbation noise can easily change the predictions.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Songlin Yang , Wei Wang , Chenye Xu , Ziwen He , Bo Peng , Jing Dong

Despite significant progress over the past few years, ambiguity is still a key challenge in Facial Expression Recognition (FER). It can lead to noisy and inconsistent annotation, which hinders the performance of deep learning models in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-22 Nhat Le , Khanh Nguyen , Quang Tran , Erman Tjiputra , Bac Le , Anh Nguyen

Text-to-image(T2I) models like Stable Diffusion and DALL-E have made generative AI widely accessible, yet recent studies reveal that these systems often replicate societal biases, particularly in how they depict demographic groups across…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Marzia Binta Nizam , James Davis

Recent advancements in image synthesis have enabled high-quality image generation and manipulation. Most works focus on: 1) conditional manipulation, where an image is modified conditioned on a given attribute, or 2) disentangled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yunlong He , Gwilherm Lesné , Ziqian Liu , Michaël Soumm , Pietro Gori

Facial Expression Recognition (FER) uses images of faces to identify the emotional state of users, allowing for a closer interaction between humans and autonomous systems. Unfortunately, as the images naturally integrate some demographic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Iris Dominguez-Catena , Daniel Paternain , Mikel Galar

Human agents routinely reason on instances with incomplete and muddied data (and weigh the cost of obtaining further features). In contrast, much of ML is devoted to the unrealistic, sterile environment where all features are observed and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Yang Li , Junier Oliva

Vision classifiers can exploit spurious correlations, achieving high in-distribution accuracy yet failing under distribution shift. Existing approaches to bias mitigation and analysis often depend on curated datasets, spurious-attribute or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Thomas Vitry , Kieran Edgeworth , Stefan Wermter , Jae Hee Lee

Editing facial expressions by only changing what we want is a long-standing research problem in Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) for image manipulation. Most of the existing methods that rely only on a global generator usually suffer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-10 Rumeysa Bodur , Binod Bhattarai , Tae-Kyun Kim