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Active learning (AL) is a training paradigm for selecting unlabeled samples for annotation to improve model performance on a test set, which is useful when only a limited number of samples can be annotated. These algorithms often work by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Lorenzo Jaime Yu Flores , Cesare Spinoso di-Piano , Ori Ernst , David Ifeoluwa Adelani , Jackie Chi Kit Cheung

Active learning - the field of machine learning (ML) dedicated to optimal experiment design, has played a part in science as far back as the 18th century when Laplace used it to guide his discovery of celestial mechanics [1]. In this work…

Active Learning (AL) is a powerful tool for learning with less labeled data, in particular, for specialized domains, like legal documents, where unlabeled data is abundant, but the annotation requires domain expertise and is thus expensive.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Sepideh Mamooler , Rémi Lebret , Stéphane Massonnet , Karl Aberer

Modern deep learning has achieved great success in various fields. However, it requires the labeling of huge amounts of data, which is expensive and labor-intensive. Active learning (AL), which identifies the most informative samples to be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Jae Soon Baik , In Young Yoon , Jun Won Choi

Computing atomic-scale properties of chemically disordered materials requires an efficient exploration of their vast configuration space. Traditional approaches such as Monte Carlo or Special Quasirandom Structures either entail sampling an…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-03-17 Maciej J. Karcz , Luca Messina , Eiji Kawasaki , Emeric Bourasseau

Generative AI poses both opportunities and risks for solving inverse design problems in the sciences. Generative tools provide the ability to expand and refine a search space autonomously, but do so at the cost of exploring low-quality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Marcus Schwarting , Logan Ward , Nathaniel Hudson , Xiaoli Yan , Ben Blaiszik , Santanu Chaudhuri , Eliu Huerta , Ian Foster

Active learning selects the most informative samples to exploit limited annotation budgets. Existing work follows a cumbersome pipeline that repeats the time-consuming model training and batch data selection multiple times. In this paper,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Yichen Xie , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Wei Zhan

Active Learning (AL) is a family of machine learning (ML) algorithms that predates the current era of artificial intelligence. Unlike traditional approaches that require labeled samples for training, AL iteratively selects unlabeled samples…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-31 Yongcheng Ding , José D. Martín-Guerrero , Yolanda Vives-Gilabert , Xi Chen

Traditional drug discovery programs are being transformed by the advent of machine learning methods. Among these, Generative AI methods (GM) have gained attention due to their ability to design new molecules and enhance specific properties…

The incredible capabilities of generative artificial intelligence models have inevitably led to their application in the domain of drug discovery. Within this domain, the vastness of chemical space motivates the development of more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Gregory W. Kyro , Anton Morgunov , Rafael I. Brent , Victor S. Batista

Transition metal chromophores with earth-abundant transition metals are an important design target for their applications in lighting and non-toxic bioimaging, but their design is challenged by the scarcity of complexes that simultaneously…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-09-16 Chenru Duan , Aditya Nandy , Gianmarco Terrones , David W. Kastner , Heather J. Kulik

The promise of active learning (AL) is to reduce labelling costs by selecting the most valuable examples to annotate from a pool of unlabelled data. Identifying these examples is especially challenging with high-dimensional data (e.g.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Amin Parvaneh , Ehsan Abbasnejad , Damien Teney , Reza Haffari , Anton van den Hengel , Javen Qinfeng Shi

A major obstacle to the realization of novel inorganic materials with desirable properties is the inability to perform efficient optimization across both materials properties and synthesis of those materials. In this work, we propose a…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-10-24 Elton Pan , Christopher Karpovich , Elsa Olivetti

Developing inverse design methods for functional materials with specific properties is critical to advancing fields like renewable energy, catalysis, energy storage, and carbon capture. Generative models based on diffusion principles can…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-05-19 Xiao-Qi Han , Peng-Jie Guo , Ze-Feng Gao , Hao Sun , Zhong-Yi Lu

This chapter presents an innovative framework for the application of machine learning and data analytics for the identification of alloys or composites exhibiting certain desired properties of interest. The main focus is on alloys and…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-12-15 Baldur Steingrimsson , Xuesong Fan , Anand Kulkarni , Michael C. Gao , Peter K. Liaw

Active learning promises to provide an optimal training sample selection procedure in the construction of machine learning models. It often relies on minimizing the model's variance, which is assumed to decrease the prediction error. Still,…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-11-26 Vivin Vinod , Peter Zaspel

Quantifying the impacts of air pollution on health and climate relies on key atmospheric particle properties such as toxicity and hygroscopicity. However, these properties typically require complex observational techniques or expensive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Fei Jiang , Jiyang Xia , Junjie Yu , Mingfei Sun , Hugh Coe , David Topping , Dantong Liu , Zhenhui Jessie Li , Zhonghua Zheng

Parameterized tight-binding models fit to first principles calculations can provide an efficient and accurate quantum mechanical method for predicting properties of molecules and solids. However, well-tested parameter sets are generally…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-04-28 Kevin F. Garrity , Kamal Choudhary

Combinatorial sputtering is a physical vapor deposition method that enables the high-throughput synthesis of compositionally varied thin films. Using this technique, the effects of stoichiometry on specific properties of alloy thin films…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-02-20 Shelby Sutton Fields , Christopher David White , Keith Knipling , Steven Bennett

Deep Learning (DL) requires lots of time and data, resulting in high computational demands. Recently, researchers employ Active Learning (AL) and online distillation to enhance training efficiency and real-time model adaptation. This paper…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Michele Boldo , Enrico Martini , Mirco De Marchi , Stefano Aldegheri , Nicola Bombieri
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