Related papers: Lattice Points and Rational $q$-Catalan Numbers
In this note, we study two generalizations of the Catalan numbers, namely the $s$-Catalan numbers and the spin $s$-Catalan numbers. These numbers first appeared in relation to quantum physics problems about spin multiplicities. We give a…
Theorem. An irreducible cubic polynomial with rational coefficients has a root in a one step radical extension of Q if and only if the discriminate is a square of a rational number. Theorem. An irreducible polynomial x^4+px^2+qx+s with…
We prove a central limit theorem for the joint distribution of $s_q(A_jn)$, $1\le j \le d$, where $s_q$ denotes the sum-of-digits function in base~$q$ and the $A_j$'s are positive integers relatively prime to $q$. We do this in fact within…
This paper develops three related combinatorial results for Dyck-type sequences. First, it constructs a row-insertion algorithm for dual Dyck sequences and extends it to Dyck tableaux. This construction gives a weight-preserving bijection…
Catalan numbers arise in many enumerative contexts as the counting sequence of combinatorial structures. In this work, we consider natural Markov chains on some of the realizations of the Catalan sequence. While our main result is in…
We introduce a kind of $(p, q, t)$-Catalan numbers of Type A by generalizing the Jacobian type continued fraction formula, we proved that the corresponding expansions could be expressed by the polynomials counting permutations on…
In The Delta Conjecture (arxiv:1509.07058), Haglund, Remmel and Wilson introduced a four variable $q,t,z,w$ Catalan polynomial, so named because the specialization of this polynomial at the values $(q,t,z,w) = (1,1,0,0)$ is equal to the…
In this paper, we formulate a rational analog of the fall Delta theorem and the Delta square conjecture. We find a new dinv statistic on fall-decorated paths on a $(m+k) \times (n+k)$ rectangle that simultaneously extends the previously…
Each positive rational number x>0 can be written uniquely as x=a/(b-a) for coprime positive integers 0<a<b. We will identify x with the pair (a,b). In this paper we define for each positive rational x>0 a simplicial complex…
The lattice polynomials $L_{i,j}(x)$ are introduced by Hough and Shapiro as a weighted count of certain lattice paths from the origin to the point $(i,j)$. In particular, $L_{2n, n}(x)$ reduces to the generating function of the numbers…
Clemm and Trebat-Leder (2014) proved that the number of quadratic number fields with absolute discriminant bounded by $x$ over which there exist elliptic curves with good reduction everywhere and rational $j$-invariant is $\gg…
Catalan numbers and their interpretations in terms of Dyck paths are widely used in different topics of applied mathematics and computer science. Here, we consider a general approach for constrained Dyck paths. In particular, we study Dyck…
We give a combinatorial interpretation using lattice paths for the super Catalan number $S(m, m+s)$ for $s \leq 3$ and a separate interpretation for $s = 4$.
The $n$-dimensional lattice polytopes $\mathcal{Q}_{n,k}$ obtained by intersecting the $n$th dilate of the standard $n$-dimensional simplex in $\mathbb{R}^n$ with the half-spaces $x_i \le 1$ for $1 \le i \le k$ form an interesting special…
In this note, we provide a bijection between a new collection of words on nonnegative integers of length n and Dyck paths of length 2n-2, thus proving that this collection belongs to the Catalan family. The surprising key step in this…
A lattice L is slim if it is finite and the set of its join-irreducible elements contains no three-element antichain. Slim, semimodular lattices were previously characterized by G. Cz\'edli and E.T. Schmidt as the duals of the lattices…
We conjecture that, if the quotient of two $q$-binomial coefficients with the same top argument is a polynomial, then it has non-negative coefficients. We summarise what is known about the conjecture and prove it in two non-trivial cases.…
The Bourque-Ligh conjecture states that if $S=\{x_1,x_2,\ldots,x_n\}$ is a gcd-closed set of positive integers with distinct elements, then the LCM matrix $[S]=[\hbox{lcm}(x_i,x_j)]$ is invertible. It is well known that this conjecture…
Let $\mathbb{F}_q$ stand for the finite field of odd characteristic $p$ with $q$ elements ($q=p^{n},n\in \mathbb{N} $) and $\mathbb{F}_q^*$ denote the set of all the nonzero elements of $\mathbb{F}_{q}$. Let $m$ and $t$ be positive…
At the end of the 1960s, Knuth characterised the permutations that can be sorted using a stack in terms of forbidden patterns. He also showed that they are in bijection with Dyck paths and thus counted by the Catalan numbers. Subsequently,…