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Understanding the origin of comets requires knowledge of how the Solar System formed from a cloud of dust and gas 4.567 Gyr ago. Here, a review is presented of how the remnants of this formation process, meteorites and to a lesser extent…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-04 Bernard Marty , Katherine R. Bermingham , Larry R. Nittler , Sean N. Raymond

Dark matter particles can be captured by the sun with rates that depend on the dark matter mass and the DM-nucleon cross section. However, for masses below $\sim 3.3$ GeV, the captured dark matter particles evaporate, leading to an…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-10-07 Chris Kouvaris

All planets and satellites of our solar system are subject to a continuous rain of material, ranging in size from specks of dust to objects the size of boulders. Upon impact, these objects deposit their kinetic energy into the incident…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-29 Apostolos Christou , Jeremie Vaubaillon , Paul Withers , Ricardo Hueso , Rosemary Killen

This paper presents an overview of results obtained during the CAWSES II period on the short term variability of the Sun and how it affects the near Earth space environment. CAWSES II was planned to examine the behavior of the solar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-04-27 Nat Gopalswamy , Bruce Tsurutani , Yihua Yan

The scattering of small bodies by planets is an important dynamical process in planetary systems. We present an analytical model to describe this process using the simplifying assumption that each particle's dynamics is dominated by a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 A. Bonsor , M. C. Wyatt

A Bose star passing through cold molecular clouds may capture atoms, molecules and dust particles. The observational signature of such an event would be a relatively small amount of matter that is gravitationally bound. This binding may…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-11-18 V. V. Flambaum , I. B. Samsonov

Recently, a discussion about the effects of the anisotropy in the spatial density of Dark Matter in the Solar neighbourhood due to the motion of the Sun through the Galactic halo on the orbital motion of the solar system's planets and their…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-09-11 Lorenzo Iorio

Ice naturally forms in the disordered or ``amorphous'' state when accreted from vapor at temperatures and pressures found in the interstellar medium and in the frigid, low density outer regions of the Sun's protoplanetary disk. It is…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-14 Dina Prialnik , David Jewitt

Impacts from icy and rocky bodies have helped shape the composition of solar system objects, for example the Earth-Moon system, or the recent impact of comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 with Jupiter. It is likely that such impacts also shape the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-09 Felix Sainsbury-Martinez , Catherine Walsh

Broad disagreement persists between helioseismological observables and predictions of solar models computed with the latest surface abundances. Here we show that most of these problems can be solved by the presence of asymmetric dark matter…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-03-05 Aaron C. Vincent , Pat Scott , Aldo Serenelli

The solar system is dusty, and would become dustier over time as asteroids collide and comets disintegrate, except that small debris particles in interplanetary space do not last long. They can be ejected from the solar system by Jupiter,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 David Nesvorny , Diego Janches , David Vokrouhlicky , Petr Pokorny , William F. Bottke , Peter Jenniskens

A numerical simulation of the Oort cloud is used to explain the observed orbital distributions and numbers of Jupiter-family and Halley-type short-period comets. Comets are given initial orbits with perihelion distances between 5 and 36 AU,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-02-07 V. V. Emel'yanenko , D. J. Asher , M. E. Bailey

Comet C/2013 A1 (siding Spring) will experience a high velocity encounter with Mars on October 19, 2014 at a distance of 135,000 km +- 5000 km from the planet center. We present a comprehensive analysis of the trajectory of both the comet…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 Davide Farnocchia , Steven R. Chesley , Paul W. Chodas , Pasquale Tricarico , Michael S. P. Kelley , Tony L. Farnham

Dark Matter in Earth intersecting orbits can scatter off the electrons and lose energy, and finally be gravitationally bound to Earth. Eventually they lose enough energy and accumulate at the core. It is assumed that DM annihilates/decays…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-08-31 Bhavesh Chauhan , Subhendra Mohanty

Comets provide a valuable window into the chemical and physical conditions at the time of their formation in the young solar system. We seek insights into where and when these objects formed by comparing the range of abundances observed for…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-15 Karen Willacy , Neal Turner , Boncho Bonev , Erika Gibb , Neil Dello Russo , Michael DiSanti , Ronald J. Vervack , Nathan X. Roth

Celestial capture of dark matter provides a useful handle for constraining its particulate properties. The capture formalism is sensitive to the phase space distribution of dark matter in the vicinity of the celestial object. This article…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-21 Debajit Bose , Sambo Sarkar

Remote investigations of the ancient solar system matter has been traditionally carried out through the observations of long-period (LP) comets that are less affected by solar irradiation than the short-period counterparts orbiting much…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-14 K. Sarneczky , Gy. M. Szabo , B. Csak , J. Kelemen , G. Marschalko , A. Pal , R. Szakats , T. Szalai , E. Szegedi-Elek , P. Szekely , K. Vida , J. Vinko , L. L. Kiss

Aims. An asymmetric dust cloud was detected around the Moon by the Lunar Dust Experiment on board the Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer mission. We investigate the dynamics of the grains that escape the Moon and their…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-05 Kun Yang , Jürgen Schmidt , Weiming Feng , Xiaodong Liu

The chaotic behaviour of the motion of the planets in our Solar System is well established. In this work to model a hypothetical extrasolar planetary system our Solar System was modified in such a way that we replaced the Earth by a more…

Classical Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Áron Süli , Rudolf Dvorak

We provide a fast method for computing constraints on impactor pre-impact orbits, applying this to the late giant impacts in the Solar System. These constraints can be used to make quick, broad comparisons of different collision scenarios,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-16 Alan P. Jackson , Travis S. J. Gabriel , Erik I. Asphaug