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Subject-driven image generation plays a crucial role in applications such as virtual try-on and poster design. Existing approaches typically fine-tune pretrained generative models or apply LoRA-based adaptations for individual subjects.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Peng Zheng , Ye Wang , Rui Ma , Zuxuan Wu

LoRA has become a universal Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) technique that equips Large Language Models (LLMs) to adapt quickly to new tasks. However, when these models are scaled up, even the latest LoRA variants still introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Xindian Ma , Rundong Kong , Peng Zhang , Ruoxiang Huang , Yongyu Jiang

We present Generalized LoRA (GLoRA), an advanced approach for universal parameter-efficient fine-tuning tasks. Enhancing Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), GLoRA employs a generalized prompt module to optimize pre-trained model weights and adjust…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Arnav Chavan , Zhuang Liu , Deepak Gupta , Eric Xing , Zhiqiang Shen

Prompt Learning has recently gained great popularity in bridging the gap between pretraining tasks and various downstream tasks. It freezes Pretrained Language Models (PLMs) and only tunes a few task-related parameters (prompts) for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Yuezihan Jiang , Hao Yang , Junyang Lin , Hanyu Zhao , An Yang , Chang Zhou , Hongxia Yang , Zhi Yang , Bin Cui

Personalized dialogue requires more than recalling explicit user histories: systems also need to infer hidden user states that evolve through interaction and shape appropriate response strategies. Existing memory- and profile-based methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jiani Luo , Xiaoyan Zhao , Yang Zhang , Shuyi Miao , Bingbing Xu , Stefan Konigorski , Tat-Seng Chua

Prompt learning has emerged as a promising method for adapting pre-trained visual-language models (VLMs) to a range of downstream tasks. While optimizing the context can be effective for improving performance on specific tasks, it can often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Fangming Cui , Jan Fong , Rongfei Zeng , Xinmei Tian , Jun Yu

Sequential recommendation aims to predict users' next interaction with items based on their past engagement sequence. Recently, the advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has sparked interest in leveraging them for sequential…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Jiayi Liao , Sihang Li , Zhengyi Yang , Jiancan Wu , Yancheng Yuan , Xiang Wang , Xiangnan He

The use of low-rank adaptation (LoRA) with frozen pretrained language models (PLMs) has become increasing popular as a mainstream, resource-efficient modeling approach for memory-constrained hardware. In this study, we first explore how to…

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is a crucial method for efficiently fine-tuning large language models (LLMs), with its effectiveness influenced by two key factors: rank selection and weight initialization. While numerous LoRA variants have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Haonan He , Peng Ye , Yuchen Ren , Yuan Yuan , Luyang Zhou , Shucun Ju , Lei Chen

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive performance but lack the flexibility to adapt to human preferences quickly without retraining. In this work, we introduce Test-time Preference Optimization (TPO), a framework that aligns…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Yafu Li , Xuyang Hu , Xiaoye Qu , Linjie Li , Yu Cheng

Existing federated learning methods have effectively dealt with decentralized learning in scenarios involving data privacy and non-IID data. However, in real-world situations, each client dynamically learns new classes, requiring the global…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Haiyang Guo , Fei Zhu , Wenzhuo Liu , Xu-Yao Zhang , Cheng-Lin Liu

Adapting LLMs to specific stylistic characteristics, like brand voice or authorial tones, is crucial for enterprise communication but challenging to achieve from corpora which lacks instruction-response formatting without compromising…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Pritika Ramu , Apoorv Saxena , Meghanath M Y , Varsha Sankar , Debraj Basu

Prompt learning is an effective way to exploit the potential of large-scale pre-trained foundational models. Continuous prompts parameterize context tokens in prompts by turning them into differentiable vectors. Deep continuous prompts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Zhenhan Huang , Tejaswini Pedapati , Pin-Yu Chen , Jianxi Gao

Effective preference tuning is pivotal in aligning chatbot responses with human expectations, enhancing user satisfaction and engagement. Traditional approaches, notably Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) as employed in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Yahe Yang , Chunliang Tao , Xiaojing Fan

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) to align with human preferences has driven the success of systems such as Gemini and ChatGPT. However, approaches like Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) remain computationally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Miria Feng , Mert Pilanci

While Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) effectively aligns pretrained Large Language and Vision-Language Models (LLMs, and VLMs) with human preferences, its computational cost and complexity hamper its wider adoption. To…

Prompting a pretrained language model with natural language patterns has been proved effective for natural language understanding (NLU). However, our preliminary study reveals that manual discrete prompts often lead to unstable performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Xiao Liu , Yanan Zheng , Zhengxiao Du , Ming Ding , Yujie Qian , Zhilin Yang , Jie Tang

Parameter-efficient (PE) methods (like Prompts or Adapters) for adapting pre-trained language models (PLM) to downstream tasks have been popular recently. However, hindrances still prevent these methods from reaching their full potential.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Shih-Cheng Huang , Shih-Heng Wang , Min-Han Shih , Saurav Sahay , Hung-yi Lee

The pretrain+fine-tune paradigm is foundational for deploying large language models (LLMs) across various downstream applications. Within this framework, Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) stands out for its parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT),…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Jingwei Xu , Junyu Lai , Yunpeng Huang

Prompt learning is an effective method to customize Vision-Language Models (VLMs) for various downstream tasks, involving tuning very few parameters of input prompt tokens. Recently, prompt pretraining in large-scale dataset (e.g.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Zhenyuan Chen , Lingfeng Yang , Shuo Chen , Zhaowei Chen , Jiajun Liang , Xiang Li