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Combinatorial optimization algorithms for graph problems are usually designed afresh for each new problem with careful attention by an expert to the problem structure. In this work, we develop a new framework to solve any combinatorial…

Many combinatorial optimization problems can be phrased in the language of constraint satisfaction problems. We introduce a graph neural network architecture for solving such optimization problems. The architecture is generic; it works for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-12 Jan Toenshoff , Martin Ritzert , Hinrikus Wolf , Martin Grohe

In recent years, graph neural networks (GNNs) have been widely applied in tackling combinatorial optimization problems. However, existing methods still suffer from limited accuracy when addressing that on complex graphs and exhibit poor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Yuyao Long

Combinatorial optimization problems are pervasive across science and industry. Modern deep learning tools are poised to solve these problems at unprecedented scales, but a unifying framework that incorporates insights from statistical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Martin J. A. Schuetz , J. Kyle Brubaker , Helmut G. Katzgraber

Existing approaches to solving combinatorial optimization problems on graphs suffer from the need to engineer each problem algorithmically, with practical problems recurring in many instances. The practical side of theoretical computer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Natalia Vesselinova , Rebecca Steinert , Daniel F. Perez-Ramirez , Magnus Boman

We propose a major revision of the format XCSP 2.1, called XCSP3, to build integrated representations of combinatorial constrained problems. This new format is able to deal with mono/multi optimization, many types of variables, cost…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Frederic Boussemart , Christophe Lecoutre , Gilles Audemard , Cédric Piette

Combinatorial optimization problems are typically tackled by the branch-and-bound paradigm. We propose a new graph convolutional neural network model for learning branch-and-bound variable selection policies, which leverages the natural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-31 Maxime Gasse , Didier Chételat , Nicola Ferroni , Laurent Charlin , Andrea Lodi

Deep learning has consistently defied state-of-the-art techniques in many fields over the last decade. However, we are just beginning to understand the capabilities of neural learning in symbolic domains. Deep learning architectures that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Henrique Lemos , Marcelo Prates , Pedro Avelar , Luis Lamb

Graph-structured combinatorial challenges are inherently difficult due to their nonlinear and intricate nature, often rendering traditional computational methods ineffective or expensive. However, these challenges can be more naturally…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Jie Zhao , Kang Hao Cheong , Witold Pedrycz

Graphs are a natural representation for systems based on relations between connected entities. Combinatorial optimization problems, which arise when considering an objective function related to a process of interest on discrete structures,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Victor-Alexandru Darvariu , Stephen Hailes , Mirco Musolesi

In recent years, graph neural networks (GNNs) have become increasingly popular for solving NP-hard combinatorial optimization (CO) problems, such as maximum cut and maximum independent set. The core idea behind these methods is to represent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Yang Liu , Peng Zhang , Yang Gao , Chuan Zhou , Zhao Li , Hongyang Chen

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have emerged as a powerful tool for solving combinatorial optimization problems (COPs), exhibiting state-of-the-art performance in both graph-structured and non-graph-structured domains. However, existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Yaochu Jin , Xueming Yan , Shiqing Liu , Xiangyu Wang

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have struggled to outperform traditional optimization methods on combinatorial problems, limiting their practical impact. We address this gap by introducing a novel chaining procedure for the graph alignment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Marc Lelarge

We present a learning-based approach to computing solutions for certain NP-hard problems. Our approach combines deep learning techniques with useful algorithmic elements from classic heuristics. The central component is a graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-26 Zhuwen Li , Qifeng Chen , Vladlen Koltun

In this paper, from a theoretical perspective, we study how powerful graph neural networks (GNNs) can be for learning approximation algorithms for combinatorial problems. To this end, we first establish a new class of GNNs that can solve a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Ryoma Sato , Makoto Yamada , Hisashi Kashima

Graph learning from data represents a canonical problem that has received substantial attention in the literature. However, insufficient work has been done in incorporating prior structural knowledge onto the learning of underlying…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-04-23 Sandeep Kumar , Jiaxi Ying , José Vinícius de M. Cardoso , Daniel Palomar

Scalable addressing of high dimensional constrained combinatorial optimization problems is a challenge that arises in several science and engineering disciplines. Recent work introduced novel application of graph neural networks for solving…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-05-20 Nasimeh Heydaribeni , Xinrui Zhan , Ruisi Zhang , Tina Eliassi-Rad , Farinaz Koushanfar

We propose a new family of combinatorial inference problems for graphical models. Unlike classical statistical inference where the main interest is point estimation or parameter testing, combinatorial inference aims at testing the global…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-02-14 Matey Neykov , Junwei Lu , Han Liu

Recent years have witnessed the promise that reinforcement learning, coupled with Graph Neural Network (GNN) architectures, could learn to solve hard combinatorial optimization problems: given raw input data and an evaluator to guide the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Matteo Boffa , Zied Ben Houidi , Jonatan Krolikowski , Dario Rossi

Data-driven approaches have been proven effective in solving combinatorial optimization problems over graphs such as the traveling salesman problems and the vehicle routing problem. The rationale behind such methods is that the input…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Mina Samizadeh , Guangmo Tong
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