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Fairness in machine learning (ML) has a critical importance for building trustworthy machine learning system as artificial intelligence (AI) systems increasingly impact various aspects of society, including healthcare decisions and legal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Modar Sulaiman , Kallol Roy

Machine learning over graphs has recently attracted growing attention due to its ability to analyze and learn complex relations within critical interconnected systems. However, the disparate impact that is amplified by the use of biased…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-08 O. Deniz Kose , Yanning Shen

Graph learning has rapidly evolved into a critical subfield of machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI). Its development began with early graph-theoretic methods, gaining significant momentum with the advent of graph neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Feng Xia , Ciyuan Peng , Jing Ren , Falih Gozi Febrinanto , Renqiang Luo , Vidya Saikrishna , Shuo Yu , Xiangjie Kong

We estimate fair graphs from graph-stationary nodal observations such that connections are not biased with respect to sensitive attributes. Edges in real-world graphs often exhibit preferences for connecting certain pairs of groups. Biased…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Madeline Navarro , Andrei Buciulea , Samuel Rey , Antonio G. Marques , Santiago Segarra

Conventional graph neural networks (GNNs) are often confronted with fairness issues that may stem from their input, including node attributes and neighbors surrounding a node. While several recent approaches have been proposed to eliminate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Zemin Liu , Trung-Kien Nguyen , Yuan Fang

Graph clustering plays a pivotal role in unsupervised learning methods like spectral clustering, yet traditional methods for graph clustering often perpetuate bias through unfair graph constructions that may underrepresent some groups. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Adithya K Moorthy , V Vijaya Saradhi , Bhanu Prasad

Graph condensation (GC) has become a vital strategy for scaling Graph Neural Networks by compressing massive datasets into small, synthetic node sets. While current GC methods effectively maintain predictive accuracy, they are primarily…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Yihan Gao , Chenxi Huang , Wen Shi , Ke Sun , Ziqi Xu , Xikun Zhang , Mingliang Hou , Renqiang Luo

Federated Graph Learning (FGL) enables privacy-preserving, distributed training of graph neural networks without sharing raw data. Among its approaches, subgraph-FL has become the dominant paradigm, with most work focused on improving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Zhengyu Wu , Boyang Pang , Xunkai Li , Yinlin Zhu , Daohan Su , Bowen Fan , Rong-Hua Li , Guoren Wang , Chenghu Zhou

To improve the robustness of graph neural networks (GNN), graph structure learning (GSL) has attracted great interest due to the pervasiveness of noise in graph data. Many approaches have been proposed for GSL to jointly learn a clean graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Shaogao Lv , Gang Wen , Shiyu Liu , Linsen Wei , Ming Li

Graph representation learning models have demonstrated great capability in many real-world applications. Nevertheless, prior research indicates that these models can learn biased representations leading to discriminatory outcomes. A few…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Yuntian He , Saket Gurukar , Srinivasan Parthasarathy

Graph Neural Nets (GNNs) have received increasing attentions, partially due to their superior performance in many node and graph classification tasks. However, there is a lack of understanding on what they are learning and how sophisticated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Ting Chen , Song Bian , Yizhou Sun

While machine learning on graphs has demonstrated promise in drug design and molecular property prediction, significant benchmarking challenges hinder its further progress and relevance. Current benchmarking practices often lack focus on…

Fairness has been a significant challenge in graph neural networks (GNNs) since degree biases often result in un-equal prediction performance among nodes with varying degrees. Existing GNN models focus on prediction accuracy, frequently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Jiaxin Liu , Xiaoqian Jiang , Xiang Li , Bohan Zhang , Jing Zhang

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved state-of-the-art results in many relevant tasks where decisions might disproportionately impact specific communities. However, existing work on fair GNNs often assumes that either sensitive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Debolina Halder Lina , Arlei Silva

Adversarial learning and the robustness of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are topics of widespread interest in the machine learning community, as documented by the number of adversarial attacks and defenses designed for these purposes. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Tran Gia Bao Ngo , Zulfikar Alom , Federico Errica , Murat Kantarcioglu , Cuneyt Gurcan Akcora

As AI becomes prevalent in high-risk domains and decision-making, it is essential to test for potential harms and biases. This urgency is reflected by the global emergence of AI regulations that emphasise fairness and adequate testing, with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Varsha Ramineni , Hossein A. Rahmani , Emine Yilmaz , David Barber

Graph mining algorithms have been playing a significant role in myriad fields over the years. However, despite their promising performance on various graph analytical tasks, most of these algorithms lack fairness considerations. As a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Yushun Dong , Jing Ma , Song Wang , Chen Chen , Jundong Li

Training deep graph neural networks (GNNs) is notoriously hard. Besides the standard plights in training deep architectures such as vanishing gradients and overfitting, it also uniquely suffers from over-smoothing, information squashing,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Tianlong Chen , Kaixiong Zhou , Keyu Duan , Wenqing Zheng , Peihao Wang , Xia Hu , Zhangyang Wang

Recent studies have underscored the capabilities of natural imaging foundation models to serve as powerful feature extractors, even in a zero-shot setting for medical imaging data. Most commonly, a shallow multi-layer perceptron (MLP) is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Johannes Kiechle , Daniel M. Lang , Stefan M. Fischer , Lina Felsner , Jan C. Peeken , Julia A. Schnabel

Semi-supervised node classification in graphs is a fundamental problem in graph mining, and the recently proposed graph neural networks (GNNs) have achieved unparalleled results on this task. Due to their massive success, GNNs have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-19 Oleksandr Shchur , Maximilian Mumme , Aleksandar Bojchevski , Stephan Günnemann