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Offline reinforcement learning (RL) addresses the problem of learning a performant policy from a fixed batch of data collected by following some behavior policy. Model-based approaches are particularly appealing in the offline setting since…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Jihwan Jeong , Xiaoyu Wang , Michael Gimelfarb , Hyunwoo Kim , Baher Abdulhai , Scott Sanner

We investigate two perturbation approaches to overcome conservatism that optimism based algorithms chronically suffer from in practice. The first approach replaces optimism with a simple randomization when using confidence sets. The second…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-10-13 Baekjin Kim , Ambuj Tewari

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) seeks to learn optimal policies from static datasets without further environment interaction. A key challenge is the distribution shift between the learned and behavior policies, leading to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Haohui Chen , Zhiyong Chen

The optimistic nature of the Q-learning target leads to an overestimation bias, which is an inherent problem associated with standard $Q-$learning. Such a bias fails to account for the possibility of low returns, particularly in risky…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-05 Thommen George Karimpanal , Hung Le , Majid Abdolshah , Santu Rana , Sunil Gupta , Truyen Tran , Svetha Venkatesh

While Distributional Reinforcement Learning (DRL) methods have demonstrated strong performance in online settings, its success in offline scenarios remains limited. We hypothesize that a key limitation of existing offline DRL methods lies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Ryo Iwaki , Takayuki Osogami

Offline reinforcement learning agents seek optimal policies from fixed data sets. With environmental interaction prohibited, agents face significant challenges in preventing errors in value estimates from compounding and subsequently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Alex Beeson , Giovanni Montana

Exploration strategies in continuous action space are often heuristic due to the infinite actions, and these kinds of methods cannot derive a general conclusion. In prior work, it has been shown that policy-based exploration is beneficial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Xing Chen , Yijun Liu , Zhaogeng Liu , Hechang Chen , Hengshuai Yao , Yi Chang

Off-policy deep reinforcement learning algorithms commonly compensate for overestimation bias during temporal-difference learning by utilizing pessimistic estimates of the expected target returns. In this work, we propose Generalized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Edoardo Cetin , Oya Celiktutan

Approximation of the value functions in value-based deep reinforcement learning induces overestimation bias, resulting in suboptimal policies. We show that when the reinforcement signals received by the agents have a high variance, deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Baturay Saglam , Furkan Burak Mutlu , Dogan Can Cicek , Suleyman Serdar Kozat

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) effectively scales LLM reasoning but incurs prohibitive computational costs due to its extensive group-based sampling requirement. While recent selective data utilization methods can mitigate this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Haodong Zhu , Yangyang Ren , Yanjing Li , Mingbao Lin , Linlin Yang , Xuhui Liu , Xiantong Zhen , Haiguang Liu , Baochang Zhang

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) is a challenging setting where existing off-policy actor-critic methods perform poorly due to the overestimation of out-of-distribution state-action pairs. Thus, various additional augmentations are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Zifeng Zhuang , Kun Lei , Jinxin Liu , Donglin Wang , Yilang Guo

We leverage the fast physics simulator, MuJoCo to run tasks in a continuous control environment and reveal details like the observation space, action space, rewards, etc. for each task. We benchmark value-based methods for continuous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Vaddadi Sai Rahul , Debajyoti Chakraborty

We evaluate benchmark deep reinforcement learning algorithms on the task of portfolio optimisation using simulated data. The simulator to generate the data is based on correlated geometric Brownian motion with the Bertsimas-Lo market impact…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Chung I Lu

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a classical tool to solve network control or policy optimization problems in unknown environments. The original Q-learning suffers from performance and complexity challenges across very large networks. Herein,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Talha Bozkus , Urbashi Mitra

The classic DQN algorithm is limited by the overestimation bias of the learned Q-function. Subsequent algorithms have proposed techniques to reduce this problem, without fully eliminating it. Recently, the Maxmin and Ensemble Q-learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-24 Hassam Ullah Sheikh , Ladislau Bölöni

Many classic Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms rely on a Bellman operator, which involves an expectation over the next states, leading to the concept of bootstrapping. To introduce a form of pessimism, we propose to replace this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Pierre Clavier , Emmanuel Rachelson , Erwan Le Pennec , Matthieu Geist

Unit commitment (UC) is a fundamental problem in the day-ahead electricity market, and it is critical to solve UC problems efficiently. Mathematical optimization techniques like dynamic programming, Lagrangian relaxation, and mixed-integer…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-10 Jingtao Qin , Yuanqi Gao , Mikhail Bragin , Nanpeng Yu

Deep Reinforcement Learning is gaining increasing attention thanks to its capability to learn complex policies in high-dimensional settings. Recent advancements utilize a dual-network architecture to learn optimal policies through the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Alberto Sinigaglia , Niccolò Turcato , Ruggero Carli , Gian Antonio Susto

Delusional bias is a fundamental source of error in approximate Q-learning. To date, the only techniques that explicitly address delusion require comprehensive search using tabular value estimates. In this paper, we develop efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-02 Andy Su , Jayden Ooi , Tyler Lu , Dale Schuurmans , Craig Boutilier

Offline reinforcement learning (offline RL), which aims to find an optimal policy from a previously collected static dataset, bears algorithmic difficulties due to function approximation errors from out-of-distribution (OOD) data points. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-06 Gaon An , Seungyong Moon , Jang-Hyun Kim , Hyun Oh Song