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Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated the ability to solve complex tasks through In-Context Learning (ICL), where models learn from a few input-output pairs without explicit fine-tuning. In this paper, we explore the capacity of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Paimon Goulart , Evangelos E. Papalexakis

From pre-trained language model (PLM) to large language model (LLM), the field of natural language processing (NLP) has witnessed steep performance gains and wide practical uses. The evaluation of a research field guides its direction of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Ziyu Zhuang , Qiguang Chen , Longxuan Ma , Mingda Li , Yi Han , Yushan Qian , Haopeng Bai , Zixian Feng , Weinan Zhang , Ting Liu

This paper provides a primer on Large Language Models (LLMs) and identifies their strengths, limitations, applications and research directions. It is intended to be useful to those in academia and industry who are interested in gaining an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Sandra Johnson , David Hyland-Wood

Since the advent of GPT, large language models (LLMs) have brought about revolutionary advancements in all walks of life. As a superior natural language processing (NLP) technology, LLMs have consistently achieved state-of-the-art…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Danshi Wang , Yidi Wang , Xiaotian Jiang , Yao Zhang , Yue Pang , Min Zhang

Predicting molecular properties is a critical component of drug discovery. Recent advances in deep learning, particularly Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), have enabled end-to-end learning from molecular structures, reducing reliance on manual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Peng Zhou , Lai Hou Tim , Zhixiang Cheng , Kun Xie , Chaoyi Li , Wei Liu , Xiangxiang Zeng

There is considerable confusion about the role of Large Language Models (LLMs) in planning and reasoning tasks. On one side are over-optimistic claims that LLMs can indeed do these tasks with just the right prompting or self-verification…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Subbarao Kambhampati , Karthik Valmeekam , Lin Guan , Mudit Verma , Kaya Stechly , Siddhant Bhambri , Lucas Saldyt , Anil Murthy

Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have received substantial attention due to their capabilities for understanding and generating human language. While there has been a burgeoning trend in research focusing on the employment of…

Task automation has been greatly empowered by the recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) via Python code, where the tasks ranging from software engineering development to general-purpose reasoning. While current benchmarks have…

Machine learning can provide deep insights into data, allowing machines to make high-quality predictions and having been widely used in real-world applications, such as text mining, visual classification, and recommender systems. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Meng Wang , Weijie Fu , Xiangnan He , Shijie Hao , Xindong Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive results in processing text data, which has sparked interest in applying these models beyond textual data, such as graphs. In the field of graph learning, there is a growing interest in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Sheng Ouyang , Yulan Hu , Ge Chen , Yong Liu

[Context and motivation] Large language models (LLMs) show notable results in natural language processing (NLP) tasks for requirements engineering (RE). However, their use is compromised by high computational cost, data sharing risks, and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Mohammad Amin Zadenoori , Vincenzo De Martino , Jacek Dabrowski , Xavier Franch , Alessio Ferrari

Human evaluation is indispensable and inevitable for assessing the quality of texts generated by machine learning models or written by humans. However, human evaluation is very difficult to reproduce and its quality is notoriously unstable,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Cheng-Han Chiang , Hung-yi Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a transformative power in enhancing natural language comprehension, representing a significant stride toward artificial general intelligence. The application of LLMs extends beyond conventional…

Language models serve as a cornerstone in natural language processing (NLP), utilizing mathematical methods to generalize language laws and knowledge for prediction and generation. Over extensive research spanning decades, language modeling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Zichong Wang , Zhibo Chu , Thang Viet Doan , Shiwen Ni , Min Yang , Wenbin Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-4 have emerged as frontrunners, showcasing unparalleled prowess in diverse applications, including answering queries, code generation, and more. Parallelly, graph-structured data, an intrinsic data…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Shirui Pan , Yizhen Zheng , Yixin Liu

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has opened new possibilities in Multi-Robot Systems (MRS), enabling enhanced communication, task allocation and planning, and human-robot interaction. Unlike traditional single-robot and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Peihan Li , Zijian An , Shams Abrar , Lifeng Zhou

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made great strides in areas such as language processing and computer vision. Despite the emergence of diverse techniques to improve few-shot learning capacity, current LLMs fall short in handling the…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-05-14 Xianggen Liu , Yan Guo , Haoran Li , Jin Liu , Shudong Huang , Bowen Ke , Jiancheng Lv

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become dominant in the Natural Language Processing (NLP) field causing a huge surge in progress in a short amount of time. However, their limitations are still a mystery and have primarily been explored…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Nathan Cooper , Torsten Scholak

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly transformed our daily life and established a new paradigm in natural language processing (NLP). However, the predominant pretraining of LLMs on extensive web-based texts remains insufficient…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-12-31 Yang Han , Ziping Wan , Lu Chen , Kai Yu , Xin Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have not only revolutionized the field of natural language processing (NLP) but also have the potential to bring a paradigm shift in many other fields due to their remarkable abilities of language understanding,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Qi Wang , Jindong Li , Shiqi Wang , Qianli Xing , Runliang Niu , He Kong , Rui Li , Guodong Long , Yi Chang , Chengqi Zhang