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Related papers: Code-Mixed Probes Show How Pre-Trained Models Gene…

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Though the pre-trained contextualized language model (PrLM) has made a significant impact on NLP, training PrLMs in languages other than English can be impractical for two reasons: other languages often lack corpora sufficient for training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Zuchao Li , Kevin Parnow , Hai Zhao , Zhuosheng Zhang , Rui Wang , Masao Utiyama , Eiichiro Sumita

Probing techniques for large language models (LLMs) have primarily focused on English, overlooking the vast majority of the world's languages. In this paper, we extend these probing methods to a multilingual context, investigating the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Daoyang Li , Haiyan Zhao , Qingcheng Zeng , Mengnan Du

Code-switching is a pervasive linguistic phenomenon in global communication, yet modern information retrieval systems remain predominantly designed for, and evaluated within, monolingual contexts. To bridge this critical disconnect, we…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Qingcheng Zeng , Yuheng Lu , Zeqi Zhou , Heli Qi , Puxuan Yu , Fuheng Zhao , Hitomi Yanaka , Weihao Xuan , Naoto Yokoya

We introduce a new pretraining approach geared for multi-document language modeling, incorporating two key ideas into the masked language modeling self-supervised objective. First, instead of considering documents in isolation, we pretrain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-06 Avi Caciularu , Arman Cohan , Iz Beltagy , Matthew E. Peters , Arie Cattan , Ido Dagan

Code LLMs have become extremely popular recently for modeling source code across a variety of tasks, such as generation, translation, and summarization. However, transformer-based models are limited in their capabilities to reason through…

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in code generation, yet their true programming competence remains underexplored. We introduce the Code Triangle framework, which systematically evaluates LLMs across three…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Taolin Zhang , Zihan Ma , Maosong Cao , Junnan Liu , Songyang Zhang , Kai Chen

In this work, we study whether multilingual language models (MultiLMs) can transfer logical reasoning abilities to other languages when they are fine-tuned for reasoning in a different language. We evaluate the cross-lingual reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Negar Foroutan , Mohammadreza Banaei , Karl Aberer , Antoine Bosselut

Multilingual large language models achieve impressive cross-lingual performance despite largely monolingual pretraining. While bilingual data in pretraining corpora is widely believed to enable these abilities, details of its contributions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Jiandong Shao , Raphael Tang , Crystina Zhang , Karin Sevegnani , Pontus Stenetorp , Jianfei Yang , Yao Lu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being applied across various domains, including code-related tasks such as code translation. Previous studies have explored using LLMs for translating code between different programming…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Soumit Kanti Saha , Fazle Rabbi , Song Wang , Jinqiu Yang

The success of pretrained cross-lingual language models relies on two essential abilities, i.e., generalization ability for learning downstream tasks in a source language, and cross-lingual transferability for transferring the task…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-24 Zewen Chi , Heyan Huang , Luyang Liu , Yu Bai , Xian-Ling Mao

Software engineers working with the same programming language (PL) may speak different natural languages (NLs) and vice versa, erecting huge barriers to communication and working efficiency. Recent studies have demonstrated the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Yekun Chai , Shuohuan Wang , Chao Pang , Yu Sun , Hao Tian , Hua Wu

Code-switching (CS) phenomenon occurs when words or phrases from different languages are alternated in a single sentence. Due to data scarcity, building an effective CS Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) system remains challenging. In this…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-23 Yu Xi , Wen Ding , Kai Yu , Junjie Lai

Social media platforms such as Twitter and Facebook are becoming popular in multilingual societies. This trend induces portmanteau of South Asian languages with English. The blend of multiple languages as code-mixed data has recently become…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Rajat Singh , Nurendra Choudhary , Manish Shrivastava

This paper proposes a new pre-training method, called Code-Switching Pre-training (CSP for short) for Neural Machine Translation (NMT). Unlike traditional pre-training method which randomly masks some fragments of the input sentence, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-18 Zhen Yang , Bojie Hu , Ambyera Han , Shen Huang , Qi Ju

Practical needs of developing task-oriented dialogue assistants require the ability to understand many languages. Novel benchmarks for multilingual natural language understanding (NLU) include monolingual sentences in several languages,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Alexey Birshert , Ekaterina Artemova

One of the long-standing goals in optimisation and constraint programming is to describe a problem in natural language and automatically obtain an executable, efficient model. Large language models appear to bring this vision closer,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Alessio Pellegrino , Jacopo Mauro

Code-Switching (CS) is a common phenomenon observed in several bilingual and multilingual communities, thereby attaining prevalence in digital and social media platforms. This increasing prominence demands the need to model CS languages for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-04 Khyathi Raghavi Chandu , Alan W Black

The rapid advancement of pre-trained language models (PLMs) has demonstrated promising results for various code-related tasks. However, their effectiveness in detecting real-world vulnerabilities remains a critical challenge. While existing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Youpeng Li , Weiliang Qi , Xuyu Wang , Fuxun Yu , Xinda Wang

Developers deal with code-change-related tasks daily, e.g., reviewing code. Pre-trained code and code-change-oriented models have been adapted to help developers with such tasks. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have shown their…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Lishui Fan , Jiakun Liu , Zhongxin Liu , David Lo , Xin Xia , Shanping Li

Propaganda is a form of communication intended to influence the opinions and the mindset of the public to promote a particular agenda. With the rise of social media, propaganda has spread rapidly, leading to the need for automatic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Muhammad Umar Salman , Asif Hanif , Shady Shehata , Preslav Nakov
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