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As large language models (LLMs) increasingly integrate into every aspect of our work and daily lives, there are growing concerns about user privacy, which push the trend toward local deployment of these models. There are a number of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Jie Xiao , Qianyi Huang , Xu Chen , Chen Tian

Large Language Models (LLMs) represent a significant stride toward Artificial General Intelligence. As scaling laws underscore the potential of increasing model sizes, the academic community has intensified its investigations into LLMs with…

The planning ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) has garnered increasing attention in recent years due to their remarkable capacity for multi-step reasoning and their ability to generalize across a wide range of domains. While some…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Mohamed Aghzal , Erion Plaku , Gregory J. Stein , Ziyu Yao

Large language models (LLMs) have garnered significant attention across various research disciplines, including the wireless communication community. There have been several heated discussions on the intersection of LLMs and wireless…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-16 Yuyang Du , Hongyu Deng , Soung Chang Liew , Kexin Chen , Yulin Shao , He Chen

Large Language Models offer impressive language capabilities but suffer from well-known limitations, including hallucinations, biases, privacy concerns, and high computational costs. These issues are largely driven by the combination of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jaime Collado-Montañez , L. Alfonso Ureña-López , Arturo Montejo-Ráez

Better understanding of Large Language Models' (LLMs) legal analysis abilities can contribute to improving the efficiency of legal services, governing artificial intelligence, and leveraging LLMs to identify inconsistencies in law. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-13 John J. Nay , David Karamardian , Sarah B. Lawsky , Wenting Tao , Meghana Bhat , Raghav Jain , Aaron Travis Lee , Jonathan H. Choi , Jungo Kasai

The rapid advancement toward sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks has significantly intensified the complexity and scale of optimization problems, including resource allocation and trajectory design, often formulated as combinatorial…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Bisheng Wei , Ruihong Jiang , Ruichen Zhang , Yinqiu Liu , Dusit Niyato , Yaohua Sun , Yang Lu , Yonghui Li , Shiwen Mao , Chau Yuen , Marco Di Renzo , Mugen Peng

Large language models (LLMs) are a special class of pretrained language models obtained by scaling model size, pretraining corpus and computation. LLMs, because of their large size and pretraining on large volumes of text data, exhibit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Katikapalli Subramanyam Kalyan

The power of large language models (LLMs) has been demonstrated through numerous data and computing resources. However, the application of language models on mobile devices is facing huge challenge on the computation and memory costs, that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Yehui Tang , Kai Han , Fangcheng Liu , Yunsheng Ni , Yuchuan Tian , Zheyuan Bai , Yi-Qi Hu , Sichao Liu , Shangling Jui , Yunhe Wang

We introduce phi-3-mini, a 3.8 billion parameter language model trained on 3.3 trillion tokens, whose overall performance, as measured by both academic benchmarks and internal testing, rivals that of models such as Mixtral 8x7B and GPT-3.5…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Marah Abdin , Jyoti Aneja , Hany Awadalla , Ahmed Awadallah , Ammar Ahmad Awan , Nguyen Bach , Amit Bahree , Arash Bakhtiari , Jianmin Bao , Harkirat Behl , Alon Benhaim , Misha Bilenko , Johan Bjorck , Sébastien Bubeck , Martin Cai , Qin Cai , Vishrav Chaudhary , Dong Chen , Dongdong Chen , Weizhu Chen , Yen-Chun Chen , Yi-Ling Chen , Hao Cheng , Parul Chopra , Xiyang Dai , Matthew Dixon , Ronen Eldan , Victor Fragoso , Jianfeng Gao , Mei Gao , Min Gao , Amit Garg , Allie Del Giorno , Abhishek Goswami , Suriya Gunasekar , Emman Haider , Junheng Hao , Russell J. Hewett , Wenxiang Hu , Jamie Huynh , Dan Iter , Sam Ade Jacobs , Mojan Javaheripi , Xin Jin , Nikos Karampatziakis , Piero Kauffmann , Mahoud Khademi , Dongwoo Kim , Young Jin Kim , Lev Kurilenko , James R. Lee , Yin Tat Lee , Yuanzhi Li , Yunsheng Li , Chen Liang , Lars Liden , Xihui Lin , Zeqi Lin , Ce Liu , Liyuan Liu , Mengchen Liu , Weishung Liu , Xiaodong Liu , Chong Luo , Piyush Madan , Ali Mahmoudzadeh , David Majercak , Matt Mazzola , Caio César Teodoro Mendes , Arindam Mitra , Hardik Modi , Anh Nguyen , Brandon Norick , Barun Patra , Daniel Perez-Becker , Thomas Portet , Reid Pryzant , Heyang Qin , Marko Radmilac , Liliang Ren , Gustavo de Rosa , Corby Rosset , Sambudha Roy , Olatunji Ruwase , Olli Saarikivi , Amin Saied , Adil Salim , Michael Santacroce , Shital Shah , Ning Shang , Hiteshi Sharma , Yelong Shen , Swadheen Shukla , Xia Song , Masahiro Tanaka , Andrea Tupini , Praneetha Vaddamanu , Chunyu Wang , Guanhua Wang , Lijuan Wang , Shuohang Wang , Xin Wang , Yu Wang , Rachel Ward , Wen Wen , Philipp Witte , Haiping Wu , Xiaoxia Wu , Michael Wyatt , Bin Xiao , Can Xu , Jiahang Xu , Weijian Xu , Jilong Xue , Sonali Yadav , Fan Yang , Jianwei Yang , Yifan Yang , Ziyi Yang , Donghan Yu , Lu Yuan , Chenruidong Zhang , Cyril Zhang , Jianwen Zhang , Li Lyna Zhang , Yi Zhang , Yue Zhang , Yunan Zhang , Xiren Zhou

Small Language Models (SLMs) have become increasingly important due to their efficiency and performance to perform various language tasks with minimal computational resources, making them ideal for various settings including on-device,…

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable capabilities and achieved significant breakthroughs across various domains, leading to their widespread adoption in recent years. Building on this progress, we investigate their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Xiaochong Lan , Jie Feng , Jiahuan Lei , Xinlei Shi , Yong Li

Small language models (SLMs), despite their widespread adoption in modern smart devices, have received significantly less academic attention compared to their large language model (LLM) counterparts, which are predominantly deployed in data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Zhenyan Lu , Xiang Li , Dongqi Cai , Rongjie Yi , Fangming Liu , Xiwen Zhang , Nicholas D. Lane , Mengwei Xu

Fine-tuning of Large Language Models (LLMs) for downstream tasks, performed on domain-specific data has shown significant promise. However, commercial use of such LLMs is limited by the high computational cost required for their deployment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Boris Nazarov , Darya Frolova , Yackov Lubarsky , Alexei Gaissinski , Pavel Kisilev

We continue the investigation into the power of smaller Transformer-based language models as initiated by \textbf{TinyStories} -- a 10 million parameter model that can produce coherent English -- and the follow-up work on \textbf{phi-1}, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Yuanzhi Li , Sébastien Bubeck , Ronen Eldan , Allie Del Giorno , Suriya Gunasekar , Yin Tat Lee

The use of Service-Based Architecture in modern telecommunications has exponentially increased Network Functions (NFs) and Application Programming Interfaces (APIs), creating substantial operational complexities in service discovery and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Zainab Khan , Ahmed Hussain , Mukesh Thakur , Arto Hellas , Panos Papadimitratos

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant promise in automating software development tasks, yet their capabilities with respect to software design tasks remains largely unclear. This study investigates the capabilities of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-11 L. P. Franciscatto Guerra , N. Ernst

While large language models have facilitated breakthroughs in many applications of artificial intelligence, their inherent largeness makes them computationally expensive and challenging to deploy in resource-constrained settings. In this…

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across a wide range of tasks, particularly in natural language processing and computer vision. This success naturally raises an intriguing yet unexplored question: Can LLMs be…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Yiming Cui , Jiajia Guo , Chao-Kai Wen , Shi Jin , En Tong

Artificial intelligence (AI) is widely deployed to solve problems related to marketing attribution and budget optimization. However, AI models can be quite complex, and it can be difficult to understand model workings and insights without…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Yilin Gao , Sai Kumar Arava , Yancheng Li , James W. Snyder