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This study proposes an anomaly detection method based on the Transformer architecture with integrated multiscale feature perception, aiming to address the limitations of temporal modeling and scale-aware feature representation in cloud…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Lian Lian , Yilin Li , Song Han , Renzi Meng , Sibo Wang , Ming Wang

This study explores the recently proposed and challenging multi-view Anomaly Detection (AD) task. Single-view tasks will encounter blind spots from other perspectives, resulting in inaccuracies in sample-level prediction. Therefore, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Haoyang He , Jiangning Zhang , Guanzhong Tian , Chengjie Wang , Lei Xie

Industrial anomaly detection (IAD) increasingly benefits from integrating 2D and 3D data, but robust cross-modal fusion remains challenging. We propose a novel unsupervised framework, Multi-Modal Attention-Driven Fusion Restoration (MAFR),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Usman Ali , Ali Zia , Abdul Rehman , Umer Ramzan , Zohaib Hassan , Talha Sattar , Jing Wang , Wei Xiang

Modern vehicles rely on electronic control units (ECUs) interconnected through the Controller Area Network (CAN), making in-vehicle communication a critical security concern. Machine learning (ML)-based intrusion detection systems (IDS) are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Nirab Hossain , Pablo Moriano

The development of intrusion detection systems (IDS) for the in-vehicle Controller Area Network (CAN) bus is one of the main efforts being taken to secure the in-vehicle network against various cyberattacks, which have the potential to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Shaila Sharmin , Hafizah Mansor , Andi Fitriah Abdul Kadir , Normaziah A. Aziz

This paper presents an automated driving system (ADS) data acquisition and processing platform for vehicle trajectory extraction, reconstruction, and evaluation based on connected automated vehicle (CAV) cooperative perception. This…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Xin Xia , Zonglin Meng , Xu Han , Hanzhao Li , Takahiro Tsukiji , Runsheng Xu , Zhaoliang Zhang , Jiaqi Ma

Network or physical attacks on industrial equipment or computer systems may cause massive losses. Therefore, a quick and accurate anomaly detection (AD) based on monitoring data, especially the multivariate time-series (MTS) data, is of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Jun Zhan , Chengkun Wu , Canqun Yang , Qiucheng Miao , Xiandong Ma

Accurately and promptly predicting accidents among surrounding traffic agents from camera footage is crucial for the safety of autonomous vehicles (AVs). This task presents substantial challenges stemming from the unpredictable nature of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Haicheng Liao , Haoyu Sun , Huanming Shen , Chengyue Wang , Kahou Tam , Chunlin Tian , Li Li , Chengzhong Xu , Zhenning Li

Existing anomaly detection methods for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) generally suffer from insufficient extraction of spatio-temporal correlation features, reliance on either timedomain or frequencydomain information alone, and high…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Miao Ye , Ziheng Wang , Qiuxiang Jiang , Xingsi Xue , Wenxi Liu , Yu Ning , Cheng Zhu

In Autonomous Driving (AD) systems, perception is both security and safety critical. Despite various prior studies on its security issues, all of them only consider attacks on camera- or LiDAR-based AD perception alone. However, production…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-18 Yulong Cao* , Ningfei Wang* , Chaowei Xiao* , Dawei Yang* , Jin Fang , Ruigang Yang , Qi Alfred Chen , Mingyan Liu , Bo Li

Modern vehicles rely on a fleet of electronic control units (ECUs) connected through controller area network (CAN) buses for critical vehicular control. With the expansion of advanced connectivity features in automobiles and the elevated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Md Hasan Shahriar , Yang Xiao , Pablo Moriano , Wenjing Lou , Y. Thomas Hou

Sensor fusion of camera, LiDAR, and 4-dimensional (4D) Radar has brought a significant performance improvement in autonomous driving. However, there still exist fundamental challenges: deeply coupled fusion methods assume continuous sensor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Dong-Hee Paek , Seung-Hyun Kong

Recent years have seen an exponential rise in complex software-driven functionality in vehicles, leading to a rising number of electronic control units (ECUs), network capabilities, and interfaces. These expanded capabilities also bring-in…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Shashwat Khandelwal , Shreejith Shanker

Electric Vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure faces escalating cybersecurity threats that can severely compromise operational efficiency and grid stability. Existing forecasting techniques are limited by the lack of combined robust anomaly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Oluleke Babayomi , Dong-Seong Kim

A Controller Area Network (CAN) bus in the vehicles is an efficient standard bus enabling communication between all Electronic Control Units (ECU). However, CAN bus is not enough to protect itself because of lack of security features. To…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-18 Eunbi Seo , Hyun Min Song , Huy Kang Kim

Accurate and robust object detection is critical for autonomous driving. Image-based detectors face difficulties caused by low visibility in adverse weather conditions. Thus, radar-camera fusion is of particular interest but presents…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Huawei Sun , Hao Feng , Georg Stettinger , Lorenzo Servadei , Robert Wille

The Controller Area Network (CAN) protocol is widely adopted for in-vehicle communication but lacks inherent security mechanisms, making it vulnerable to cyberattacks. This paper introduces KD-GAT, an intrusion detection framework that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Robert Frenken , Sidra Ghayour Bhatti , Hanqin Zhang , Qadeer Ahmed

Deepfakes have emerged as a significant threat to digital media authenticity, increasing the need for advanced detection techniques that can identify subtle and time-dependent manipulations. CNNs are effective at capturing spatial artifacts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Aryan Thakre , Omkar Nagwekar , Vedang Talekar , Aparna Santra Biswas

Anomaly detection is a crucial step for preventing malicious activities in the network and keeping resources available all the time for legitimate users. It is noticed from various studies that classical anomaly detectors work well with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-02-17 Awais Ahmed , Sufian Hameed , Muhammad Rafi , Qublai Khan Ali Mirza

There are increasing concerns about malicious attacks on autonomous vehicles. In particular, inaudible voice command attacks pose a significant threat as voice commands become available in autonomous driving systems. How to empirically…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Jiwei Guan , Lei Pan , Chen Wang , Shui Yu , Longxiang Gao , Xi Zheng