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Graph neural networks (GNNs) have achieved success in various inference tasks on graph-structured data. However, common challenges faced by many GNNs in the literature include the problem of graph node embedding under various geometries and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Qiyu Kang , Kai Zhao , Yang Song , Sijie Wang , Rui She , Wee Peng Tay

Message Passing Neural Networks (MPNNs) is the building block of graph foundation models, but fundamentally suffer from oversmoothing and oversquashing. There has recently been a surge of interest in fixing both issues. Existing efforts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Li Sun , Zhenhao Huang , Ming Zhang , Philip S. Yu

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) face two fundamental challenges when scaled to deep architectures: oversmoothing, where node representations converge to indistinguishable vectors, and oversquashing, where information from distant nodes fails…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Mostafa Haghir Chehreghani

Oversmoothing in Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) poses a significant challenge as network depth increases, leading to homogenized node representations and a loss of expressiveness. In this work, we approach the oversmoothing problem from a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Biswadeep Chakraborty , Harshit Kumar , Saibal Mukhopadhyay

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have established themselves as the preferred methodology in a multitude of domains, ranging from computer vision to computational biology, especially in contexts where data inherently conform to graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Yifan Qu , Oliver Krzysik , Hans De Sterck , Omer Ege Kara

These years much effort has been devoted to improving the accuracy or relevance of the recommendation system. Diversity, a crucial factor which measures the dissimilarity among the recommended items, received rather little scrutiny.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Yu Zheng , Chen Gao , Liang Chen , Depeng Jin , Yong Li

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have achieved strong performance across various real-world domains. Nevertheless, they suffer from oversquashing, where long-range information is distorted as it is compressed through limited message-passing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Tanvir Hossain , Muhammad Ifte Khairul Islam , Lilia Chebbah , Charles Fanning , Esra Akbas

Dynamic graphs arise in a plethora of practical scenarios such as social networks, communication networks, and financial transaction networks. Given a dynamic graph, it is fundamental and essential to learn a graph representation that is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Menglin Yang , Ziqiao Meng , Irwin King

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have demonstrated remarkable effectiveness in recommendation systems. However, conventional graph-based recommenders, such as LightGCN, require maintaining embeddings of size $d$ for each node, resulting in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Yanping Zheng , Zhewei Wei , Frank de Hoog , Xu Chen , Hongteng Xu , Yuhang Ye , Jiadeng Huang

Disentangled Graph Convolutional Network (DisenGCN) is an encouraging framework to disentangle the latent factors arising in a real-world graph. However, it relies on disentangling information heavily from a local range (i.e., a node and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Jingwei Guo , Kaizhu Huang , Xinping Yi , Rui Zhang

Generating recommendations based on user-item interactions and user-user social relations is a common use case in web-based systems. These connections can be naturally represented as graph-structured data and thus utilizing graph neural…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Jiajia Chen , Xin Xin , Xianfeng Liang , Xiangnan He , Jun Liu

Graph Convolution Networks (GCNs) are becoming more and more popular for learning node representations on graphs. Though there exist various developments on sampling and aggregation to accelerate the training process and improve the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-30 Xu Zou , Qiuye Jia , Jianwei Zhang , Chang Zhou , Hongxia Yang , Jie Tang

Recommendation Systems are effective in managing the ever-increasing amount of multimodal data available today and help users discover interesting new items. These systems can handle various media types such as images, text, audio, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Haimonti Dutta , Pruthvi Moluguri , Jin Dai , Saurabh Amarnath Mahindre

Personalized recommendation is ubiquitous, playing an important role in many online services. Substantial research has been dedicated to learning vector representations of users and items with the goal of predicting a user's preference for…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-01-03 Jianing Sun , Yingxue Zhang , Chen Ma , Mark Coates , Huifeng Guo , Ruiming Tang , Xiuqiang He

The relationship between Layer Normalization (LN) placement and the oversmoothing phenomenon remains underexplored. We identify a critical dilemma: Pre-LN architectures avoid oversmoothing but suffer from the curse of depth, while Post-LN…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Weiqi Guan , Junlin He

We investigate adaptive layer-wise graph convolution in deep GCN models. We propose AdaGPR to learn generalized Pageranks at each layer of a GCNII network to induce adaptive convolution. We show that the generalization bound for AdaGPR is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Kishan Wimalawarne , Taiji Suzuki

The rapid growth of the internet has made personalized recommendation systems indispensable. Graph-based sequential recommendation systems, powered by Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), effectively capture complex user-item interactions but…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Zahra Akhlaghi , Mostafa Haghir Chehreghani

Matrix completion models are among the most common formulations of recommender systems. Recent works have showed a boost of performance of these techniques when introducing the pairwise relationships between users/items in the form of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-04-25 Federico Monti , Michael M. Bronstein , Xavier Bresson

Graph neural networks (GNNs) demonstrate a robust capability for representation learning on graphs with complex structures, showcasing superior performance in various applications. The majority of existing GNNs employ a graph convolution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Jinlu Wang , Jipeng Guo , Yanfeng Sun , Junbin Gao , Shaofan Wang , Yachao Yang , Baocai Yin

Recently, Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) has become a novel state-of-art for Collaborative Filtering (CF) based Recommender Systems (RS). It is a common practice to learn informative user and item representations by performing embedding…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Yinan Zhang , Pei Wang , Congcong Liu , Xiwei Zhao , Hao Qi , Jie He , Junsheng Jin , Changping Peng , Zhangang Lin , Jingping Shao