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We develop and analyze algorithms for instrumental variable regression by viewing the problem as a conditional stochastic optimization problem. In the context of least-squares instrumental variable regression, our algorithms neither require…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-31 Xuxing Chen , Abhishek Roy , Yifan Hu , Krishnakumar Balasubramanian

The instrumental variable (IV) design is a common approach to address hidden confounding bias. For validity, an IV must impact the outcome only through its association with the treatment. In addition, IV identification has required a…

We show that the popular reinforcement learning (RL) strategy of estimating the state-action value (Q-function) by minimizing the mean squared Bellman error leads to a regression problem with confounding, the inputs and output noise being…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Yutian Chen , Liyuan Xu , Caglar Gulcehre , Tom Le Paine , Arthur Gretton , Nando de Freitas , Arnaud Doucet

As opaque predictive models increasingly impact many areas of modern life, interest in quantifying the importance of a given input variable for making a specific prediction has grown. Recently, there has been a proliferation of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-07-20 Yue Gao , Abby Stevens , Rebecca Willet , Garvesh Raskutti

Recent years have seen a flurry of activities in designing provably efficient nonconvex procedures for solving statistical estimation problems. Due to the highly nonconvex nature of the empirical loss, state-of-the-art procedures often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Cong Ma , Kaizheng Wang , Yuejie Chi , Yuxin Chen

This paper presents the asymptotic behavior of a linear instrumental variables (IV) estimator that uses a ridge regression penalty. The regularization tuning parameter is selected empirically by splitting the observed data into training and…

Econometrics · Economics 2019-08-27 Nandana Sengupta , Fallaw Sowell

We are in the middle of a remarkable rise in the use and capability of artificial intelligence. Much of this growth has been fueled by the success of deep learning architectures: models that map from observables to outputs via multiple…

Applications · Statistics 2017-01-02 Jason Hartford , Greg Lewis , Kevin Leyton-Brown , Matt Taddy

Black-box variational inference (BBVI) now sees widespread use in machine learning and statistics as a fast yet flexible alternative to Markov chain Monte Carlo methods for approximate Bayesian inference. However, stochastic optimization…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-22 Manushi Welandawe , Michael Riis Andersen , Aki Vehtari , Jonathan H. Huggins

The method of instrumental variables (IV) provides a framework to study causal effects in both randomized experiments with noncompliance and in observational studies where natural circumstances produce as-if random nudges to accept…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-02-07 Hyunseung Kang , Laura Peck , Luke Keele

An adaptive regularization algorithm for unconstrained nonconvex optimization is proposed that is capable of handling inexact objective-function and derivative values, and also of providing approximate minimizer of arbitrary order. In…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-11-30 N. I. M. Gould , Ph. L. Toint

Recovering jointly sparse signals in the multiple measurement vectors (MMV) setting is a fundamental problem in machine learning, but traditional methods often require careful parameter tuning or prior knowledge of the sparsity of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Lakshmi Jayalal , Sheetal Kalyani

We offer straightforward theoretical results that justify incorporating machine learning in the standard linear instrumental variable setting. The key idea is to use machine learning, combined with sample-splitting, to predict the treatment…

Econometrics · Economics 2021-06-22 Jiafeng Chen , Daniel L. Chen , Greg Lewis

In this article we consider the nonparametric robust estimation problem for regression models in continuous time with semi-Markov noises observed in discrete time moments. An adaptive model selection procedure is proposed. A sharp…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-05-15 Vlad Stefan Barbu , Slim Beltaief , Serguei Pergamenshchikov

In this paper, we design a regularization-free algorithm for high-dimensional support vector machines (SVMs) by integrating over-parameterization with Nesterov's smoothing method, and provide theoretical guarantees for the induced implicit…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-10-27 Yang Sui , Xin He , Yang Bai

The increasing popularity of regression discontinuity methods for causal inference in observational studies has led to a proliferation of different estimating strategies, most of which involve first fitting non-parametric regression models…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-06-11 Guido Imbens , Stefan Wager

Individualized treatment rules (ITRs) are considered a promising recipe to deliver better policy interventions. One key ingredient in optimal ITR estimation problems is to estimate the average treatment effect conditional on a subject's…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-03-16 Hongming Pu , Bo Zhang

We present a model-based derivative-free method for optimization subject to general convex constraints, which we assume are unrelaxable and accessed only through a projection operator that is cheap to evaluate. We prove global convergence…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-03-18 Matthew Hough , Lindon Roberts

Variational inference (VI) has emerged as a popular method for approximate inference for high-dimensional Bayesian models. In this paper, we propose a novel VI method that extends the naive mean field via entropic regularization, referred…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-02 Bohan Wu , David Blei

An adaptive regularization algorithm for unconstrained nonconvex optimization is presented in which the objective function is never evaluated, but only derivatives are used. This algorithm belongs to the class of adaptive regularization…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-05-05 S. Gratton , S. Jerad , Ph. L. Toint

Mirror descent value iteration (MDVI), an abstraction of Kullback-Leibler (KL) and entropy-regularized reinforcement learning (RL), has served as the basis for recent high-performing practical RL algorithms. However, despite the use of…