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Safe and explainable motion planning remains a central challenge in autonomous driving. While rule-based planners offer predictable and explainable behavior, they often fail to grasp the complexity and uncertainty of real-world traffic.…

In the rapidly evolving field of autonomous driving systems, the refinement of path planning algorithms is paramount for navigating vehicles through dynamic environments, particularly in complex urban scenarios. Traditional path planning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Liguo Zhou , Yirui Zhou , Huaming Liu , Alois Knoll

Despite over a decade of development, autonomous driving trajectory planning in complex urban environments continues to encounter significant challenges. These challenges include the difficulty in accommodating the multi-modal nature of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Hongbiao Zhu , Liulong Ma , Xian Wu , Xin Deng , Xiaoyao Liang

Offline reinforcement learning has emerged as a promising technology by enhancing its practicality through the use of pre-collected large datasets. Despite its practical benefits, most algorithm development research in offline reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Dongsu Lee , Chanin Eom , Minhae Kwon

Achieving human-like driving behaviors in complex open-world environments is a critical challenge in autonomous driving. Contemporary learning-based planning approaches such as imitation learning methods often struggle to balance competing…

Traditional decision and planning frameworks for self-driving vehicles (SDVs) scale poorly in new scenarios, thus they require tedious hand-tuning of rules and parameters to maintain acceptable performance in all foreseeable cases.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-08-02 Peide Cai , Hengli Wang , Yuxiang Sun , Ming Liu

Prior work in 3D object detection evaluates models using offline metrics like average precision since closed-loop online evaluation on the downstream driving task is costly. However, it is unclear how indicative offline results are of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Tim Schreier , Katrin Renz , Andreas Geiger , Kashyap Chitta

As autonomous driving systems being deployed to millions of vehicles, there is a pressing need of improving the system's scalability, safety and reducing the engineering cost. A realistic, scalable, and practical simulator of the driving…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Yihan Hu , Siqi Chai , Zhening Yang , Jingyu Qian , Kun Li , Wenxin Shao , Haichao Zhang , Wei Xu , Qiang Liu

In recent years, the integration of prediction and planning through neural networks has received substantial attention. Despite extensive studies on it, there is a noticeable gap in understanding the operation of such models within a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Jiayu Guo , Mingyue Feng , Pengfei Zhu , Chengjun Li , Jian Pu

Route-planning agents powered by large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a promising paradigm for supporting everyday human mobility through natural language interaction and tool-mediated decision making. However, systematic evaluation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Zhiheng Song , Jingshuai Zhang , Chuan Qin , Chao Wang , Chao Chen , Longfei Xu , Kaikui Liu , Xiangxiang Chu , Hengshu Zhu

A primary hurdle of autonomous driving in urban environments is understanding complex and long-tail scenarios, such as challenging road conditions and delicate human behaviors. We introduce DriveVLM, an autonomous driving system leveraging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Xiaoyu Tian , Junru Gu , Bailin Li , Yicheng Liu , Yang Wang , Zhiyong Zhao , Kun Zhan , Peng Jia , Xianpeng Lang , Hang Zhao

The decision and planning system for autonomous driving in urban environments is hard to design. Most current methods manually design the driving policy, which can be expensive to develop and maintain at scale. Instead, with imitation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-10-15 Jianyu Chen , Bodi Yuan , Masayoshi Tomizuka

Decision-making and motion planning constitute critical components for ensuring the safety and efficiency of autonomous vehicles (AVs). Existing methodologies typically adopt two paradigms: decision then planning or generation then scoring.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Ruoyu Yao , Yubin Wang , Haichao Liu , Rui Yang , Zengqi Peng , Lei Zhu , Jun Ma

Recent large language models (LLMs) are promising for making decisions in grounded environments. However, LLMs frequently fail in complex decision-making tasks due to the misalignment between the pre-trained knowledge in LLMs and the actual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Siqi Ouyang , Lei Li

This paper presents a mixed traffic control policy designed to optimize traffic efficiency across diverse road topologies, addressing issues of congestion prevalent in urban environments. A model-free reinforcement learning (RL) approach is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Chuyang Xiao , Dawei Wang , Xinzheng Tang , Jia Pan , Yuexin Ma

Despite real-time planners exhibiting remarkable performance in autonomous driving, the growing exploration of Large Language Models (LLMs) has opened avenues for enhancing the interpretability and controllability of motion planning.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Yuan Chen , Zi-han Ding , Ziqin Wang , Yan Wang , Lijun Zhang , Si Liu

The rise of large language models (LLMs) has made natural language-driven route planning an emerging research area that encompasses rich user objectives. Current research exhibits two distinct approaches: direct route planning using…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Liangqi Yuan , Dong-Jun Han , Christopher G. Brinton , Sabine Brunswicker

We introduce STSBench, a scenario-based framework to benchmark the holistic understanding of vision-language models (VLMs) for autonomous driving. The framework automatically mines pre-defined traffic scenarios from any dataset using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Christian Fruhwirth-Reisinger , Dušan Malić , Wei Lin , David Schinagl , Samuel Schulter , Horst Possegger

Learning-based approaches to autonomous vehicle planners have the potential to scale to many complicated real-world driving scenarios by leveraging huge amounts of driver demonstrations. However, prior work only learns to estimate a single…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Haolan Liu , Jishen Zhao , Liangjun Zhang

Effective driving style analysis is critical to developing human-centered intelligent driving systems that consider drivers' preferences. However, the approaches and conclusions of most related studies are diverse and inconsistent because…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Chaopeng Zhang , Wenshuo Wang , Zhaokun Chen , Junqiang Xi