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The increasing complexity and dynamic nature of 5G open radio access networks (O-RAN) pose significant challenges to maintaining low latency, high throughput, and resource efficiency. While existing methods leverage machine learning for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Raúl Parada , Ebrahim Abu-Helalah , Jordi Serra , Anton Aguilar , Paolo Dini

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) pose as a transformative technology to revolutionize the cellular architecture of Next Generation (NextG) Radio Access Networks (RANs). Previous studies have demonstrated the capabilities of RISs…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Maria Tsampazi , Michele Polese , Falko Dressler , Tommaso Melodia

Zero Trust Architecture (ZTA) has become a widely adopted model for securing enterprise environments, promoting continuous verification and minimal trust across systems. However, its application in mobile contexts remains limited, despite…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Alexander Tabalipa

The rapid advancement of 5G networks and the upcoming transition to 6G necessitate the use of the Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) architecture to enable greater flexibility, interoperability, and innovation. This shift towards 6G and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Seyed Bagher Hashemi Natanzi , Bo Tang

This paper introduces a proactive Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) mobility management xApp for Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) Near Real-Time Radio Intelligent Controller (Near-RT RIC) environments, employing Double Deep Q-Network (DDQN)…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-12 Mohammed M. H. Qazzaz , Syed Ali Zaidi , Aubida A. Al-Hameed , Abdelaziz Salama , Des Mclernon

Zero Trust (ZT) is a security paradigm aiming to curtail an attacker's lateral movements within a network by implementing least-privilege and per-request access control policies. However, its widespread adoption is hindered by the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Charalampos Katsis , Elisa Bertino

Radio Access Network faces challenges from privacy and flexible wide area and local area network access. RAN is limited from providing local service directly due to centralized design of cellular network and concerns of user privacy and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Hao Xu , Xun Liu , Qinghai Zeng , Qiang Li , Shibin Ge , Guohua Zhou , Raymond Forbes

The convergence of communication, sensing, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the Radio Access Network (RAN) offers compelling economic advantages through shared spectrum and infrastructure. How can inference and sensing be integrated in…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Michele Polese , Rajeev Gangula , Tommaso Melodia

The concept of AI-RAN as specified by the AI-RAN alliance is geared to explore a converged 6G platform that can support management, orchestration, and deployment of both AI and RAN workloads. This concept is central to the development of a…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Syed Danial Ali Shah , Zeinab Nezami , Maryam Hafeez , Syed Ali Raza Zaidi

Interference continues to be a key limiting factor in cellular radio access network (RAN) deployments. Effective, data-driven, self-adapting radio resource management (RRM) solutions are essential for tackling interference, and thus…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-22 Mahdi Eskandari , Shipra Kapoor , Keith Briggs , Arman Shojaeifard , Huiling Zhu , Alain Mourad

The Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) offers flexibility and innovation but introduces unique security vulnerabilities, particularly from cryptographically relevant quantum computers. While Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) is the primary…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Neha Gupta , Hamed Alimohammadi , Mohammad Shojafar , De Mi , Muhammad N. M. Bhutta

The O-RAN architecture enables a more flexible and dynamic radio access network (RAN) control by separating hardware and software components. However, the distributed nature of the O-RAN architecture also presents several challenges for…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Cezary Adamczyk

Next-generation mobile networks require evolved radio access network (RAN) architectures to meet the demands of high capacity, massive connectivity, reduced costs, and energy efficiency, and to realize communication with ultra-low latency…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-20 Mahmoud A. Hasabelnaby , Mohanad Obeed , Mohammed Saif , Anas Chaaban , M. J. Hossain

Starting from the Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN), continuing with the virtual Radio Access Network (vRAN) and most recently with Open RAN (O-RAN) initiative, Radio Access Network (RAN) architectures have significantly evolved in the…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Pedro Enrique Iturria Rivera , Shahram Mollahasani , Melike Erol-Kantarci

Open radio access network (ORAN) Alliance offers a disaggregated RAN functionality built using open interface specifications between blocks. To efficiently support various competing services, \textit{namely} enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB)…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-18 Fatemeh Kavehmadavani , Van-Dinh Nguyen , Thang X. Vu , Symeon Chatzinotas

This research introduces an advanced Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) framework designed to elucidate the decision-making processes of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) agents in ORAN architectures. By offering network-oriented…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-20 Suvidha Mhatre , Ferran Adelantado , Kostas Ramantas , Christos Verikoukis

We present ProtO-RU, the first open source, software-defined O-RAN Split-7.2 Radio Unit built using SDRs and commodity CPUs. Unlike proprietary hardware-based commercial O-RUs, ProtO-RU is built on the open-source srsRAN software stack, and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Zhiyu Zhou , Xin Zhe Khooi , Satis Kumar Permal , Mun Choon Chan

Machine learning (ML) models serve as powerful tools for threat detection and mitigation; however, they also introduce potential new risks. Adversarial input can exploit these models through standard interfaces, thus creating new attack…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Betül Güvenç Paltun , Ramin Fuladi , Rim El Malki

The Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) architecture allows AI to be embedded directly into the RAN through modular xApps and rApps, yet creating these applications collecting data, training models, writing code, and deploying them safely…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-25 Seyed Bagher Hashemi Natanzi , Pranshav Gajja , Bo Tang , Vijay K. Shah

In future wireless systems of beyond 5G and 6G, addressing diverse applications with varying quality requirements is essential. Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) architectures offer the potential for dynamic resource adaptation based on…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Huan X. Nguyen , Kexuan Sun , Duc To , Quoc-Tuan Vien , Tuan Anh Le