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The distillation of magic states is an often-cited technique for enabling universal quantum computing once the error probability for a special subset of gates has been made negligible by other means. We present a routine for magic-state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-04-20 Adam M. Meier , Bryan Eastin , Emanuel Knill

We propose a new family of error detecting stabilizer codes with an encoding rate 1/3 that permit a transversal implementation of the pi/8-rotation $T$ on all logical qubits. The new codes are used to construct protocols for distilling…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-11-30 Sergey Bravyi , Jeongwan Haah

Fault-tolerant quantum computing based on surface code has emerged as an attractive candidate for practical large-scale quantum computers to achieve robust noise resistance. To achieve universality, magic states preparation is a commonly…

We present an infinite family of protocols to distill magic states for $T$-gates that has a low space overhead and uses an asymptotic number of input magic states to achieve a given target error that is conjectured to be optimal. The space…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-04 Jeongwan Haah , Matthew B. Hastings , D. Poulin , D. Wecker

Magic state distillation uses special codes to suppress errors in input states, which are often tailored to a Clifford-twirled error model. We present detailed measurement sequences for magic state distillation protocols which can suppress…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-27 Jeongwan Haah , Matthew B. Hastings

The overhead cost of performing universal fault-tolerant quantum computation for large scale quantum algorithms is very high. Despite several attempts at alternative schemes, magic state distillation remains one of the most efficient…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-30 Christopher Chamberland , Kyungjoo Noh

Magic state distillation is a resource intensive subroutine that consumes noisy input states to produce high-fidelity resource states that are used to perform logical operations in practical quantum-computing architectures. The resource…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-17 Shraddha Singh , Andrew S. Darmawan , Benjamin J. Brown , Shruti Puri

Magic state distillation is one of the leading candidates for implementing universal fault-tolerant logical gates. However, the distillation circuits themselves are not fault-tolerant, so there is additional cost to first implement encoded…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-22 Christopher Chamberland , Andrew W. Cross

Magic state distillation is a resource intensive sub-routine for quantum computation. The ratio of noisy input states to output states with error rate at most $\epsilon$ scales as $O(\log^{\gamma}(1/\epsilon))$ (Bravyi and Haah, PRA 2012).…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-21 Anirudh Krishna , Jean-Pierre Tillich

Developing space- and time-efficient logical magic state preparation protocols will likely be an essential step towards building a large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computer. Motivated by this need, we introduce a scalable method for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-26 Samyak Surti , Lucas Daguerre , Isaac H. Kim

Any physical quantum device for quantum information processing is subject to errors in implementation. In order to be reliable and efficient, quantum computers will need error correcting or error avoiding methods. Fault-tolerance achieved…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-19 Alexandre M. Souza , Jingfu Zhang , Colm A. Ryan , Raymond Laflamme

Magic states, by allowing non-Clifford gates through gate teleportation, are important building blocks of fault-tolerant quantum computation. Magic state distillation protocols aim to create clean copies of magic states from many noisier…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-05 Heather Leitch , Yingkai Ouyang

Magic State Distillation (MSD) has been a research focus for fault-tolerant quantum computing due to the need for non-Clifford resource in gaining quantum advantage. Although many of the MSD protocols so far are based on stabilizer codes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Yunzhe Zheng , Dong E. Liu

Quantum algorithms for quantum chemistry map the dynamics of electrons in a molecule to the dynamics of a coupled spin system. To reach chemical accuracy for interesting molecules, a large number of quantum gates must be applied which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-02-02 Colin J. Trout , Kenneth R. Brown

Magic states are essential yet resource-intensive components for realizing universal fault-tolerant quantum computation. Preparing magic states within emerging quantum low-density parity-check (qLDPC) codes poses additional challenges, due…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-13 Guo Zhang , Yuanye Zhu , Xiao Yuan , Ying Li

Topological measurement-based quantum computation (MBQC) enables one to carry out universal fault-tolerant quantum computation via single-qubit Pauli measurements with a family of large entangled states called cluster states as resources.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-06 Seok-Hyung Lee , Hyunseok Jeong

Magic state distillation is a crucial component in the leading approaches to implementing universal fault tolerant quantum computation, with existing protocols for both qubit and higher dimensional systems. Early work focused on determining…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-25 Hillary Dawkins , Mark Howard

Preparation of high-fidelity logical magic states has remained as a necessary but daunting step towards building a large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computer. One approach is to fault-tolerantly prepare a magic state in one code and then…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-16 Lucas Daguerre , Robin Blume-Kohout , Natalie C. Brown , David Hayes , Isaac H. Kim

The standard approach to fault-tolerant quantum computation is to store information in a quantum error correction code, such as the surface code, and process information using a strategy that can be summarized as distill-then-synthesize. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-01 Earl T. Campbell , Mark Howard

Qudits offer the potential for low-overhead magic state distillation, although previous results for asymptotically good codes have required qudit dimension $q\gg 100$ or code length $\mathcal{N}\gg 100$. These parameters far exceed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-29 Michael J. Cervia , Henry Lamm , Diyi Liu , Edison M. Murairi , Shuchen Zhu