Related papers: Recent Developments within The Cosmic Ray Extremel…
The current studies of cosmic rays are focused on most energetic particles entering the atmosphere and producing a single Extensive Air Shower (EAS). There are, however, models predicting that interactions of high energy particles may…
The understanding of the nature of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays is one of the most intriguing open questions for current and future observatories. These particles are expected to be accelerated in extragalactic sources. Because of their…
We summarize the remarkable recent progress in ultra-high energy cosmic ray physics and astronomy enabled by the current generation of cosmic ray observatories. We discuss the primary objectives for future measurements and describe the…
The physics results of high energy gamma-ray astronomy are reported, emphasizing recent achievements with ground-based detectors. This includes some of the instrumental developments and latest projects. The fundamental contribution of the…
Despite a century of cosmic-ray measurements there seems to have been no attempt to collect these data systematically for use by the CR community. The result is that everyone makes their own collection as required, a large duplication of…
The focus of this presentation is to go through some of the remarkable observations concerning gamma-ray cosmic accelerators and diffuse emissions. Additionally, I will cover the status of the new generation of gamma-ray groundbased…
The exotic cosmic ray events are reviewed. Theoretical attempts to explain the Centauro-like phenomena are summarized. Results of accelerator experiments looking for Centauro-related objects are discussed. The discussion is completed with…
Observations of large-scale radio emissions prove the existence of shock accelerated cosmic-ray electrons in galaxy clusters, while the lack of detected $\gamma$-rays limits the acceleration of cosmic-ray protons in galaxy clusters. This…
I review at the non-specialist level recent progress in the study of the large-scale structure of the Universe, covering the following areas: (1) Results from recently completed or ongoing redshift surveys of galaxies and X-ray clusters;…
This perspective offers a viewpoint on how the challenges of molecular scattering investigations of astrophysical interest have evolved in recent years. Computational progress has steadily expanded collisional databases and provided…
Detecting the end of the cosmic-ray (CR) electron spectrum would provide important new insights. While we know that Milky Way sources can accelerate electrons up to at least $\sim$1PeV, the observed CR electron spectrum at Earth extends…
Cosmic-ray physics in the GeV-to-TeV energy range has entered a precision era thanks to recent data from space-based experiments. However, the poor knowledge of nuclear reactions, in particular for the production of antimatter and secondary…
This review provides an overview of many recent advances in detector technologies for particle physics experiments. Challenges for new technologies include increasing spatial and temporal sensitivity, speed, and radiation hardness while…
In this review we discuss the important progress made in recent years towards understanding the experimental data on cosmic rays with energies $\agt 10^{19}$ eV. We begin with a brief survey of the available data, including a description of…
Cosmic rays are nowadays a crucial tool to study the astrophysics of extreme objects in the Universe, the cosmic environmental plasma (both Galactic and extra-galactic), the physics of nuclear interactions or the properties of elementary…
Propagation of cosmic rays (CRs) in turbulent and magnetized astrophysical media is a long-standing problem that requires both understanding of the properties of turbulent magnetic fields and their interaction with energetic particles. This…
The search for the origin of cosmic rays is as active as ever, mainly driven by new insights provided by recent pieces of observation. Much effort is being channelled in putting the so called supernova paradigm for the origin of galactic…
I discuss some aspects of the evolution of the standard GRB model, emphasizing various theoretical developments in the last decade, and review the impact of some of the most recent observational discoveries and the new challenges they pose…
Recent X-ray observations have had a major impact on topics ranging from protostars to cosmology. They have also drawn attention to important and general physical processes that currently limit our understanding of thermal and nonthermal…
The wealth of data collected in the last few years thanks to the Pierre Auger Observatory and recently to the Telescope Array made the problem of the origin of ultra high energy cosmic rays a genuinely experimental/observational one. The…