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A promising type of Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) employs tunable control of its varactors using biasing transmission lines below the RIS reflecting elements. Biasing standing waves (BSWs) are excited by a time-periodic signal…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Gal Ben Itzhak , Miguel Saavedra-Melo , Ender Ayanoglu , Filippo Capolino , A. Lee Swindlehurst

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) enable reliable low-latency millimeter wave (mmWave) communication links in cases of a blocked line-of-sight (LoS) between the base station (BS) and the user equipment (UE), i.e. a RIS mounted on a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-13 Hamed Radpour , Markus Hofer , David Loschenbrand , Lukas Walter Mayer , Andreas Hofmann , Martin Schiefer , Thomas Zemen

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) has recently been regarded as a paradigm-shifting technology beyond 5G, for its flexibility on smartly adjusting the response to the impinging electromagnetic (EM) waves. Usually, RIS can be…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-07 Jiangfeng Hu , Haifan Yin , Li Tan , Lin Cao , Xilong Pei

We propose a novel reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) encoded information transmission scheme for a line-of-sight environment. A RIS fed with data modulates the information on impinging waves emitted from an external source in the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Emad Ibrahim , Rickard Nilsson , Jaap van de Beek

In this paper, we propose and study a multi-functional reconfigurable intelligent surface (MF-RIS) architecture. In contrast to conventional single-functional RIS (SF-RIS) that only reflects signals, the proposed MF-RIS simultaneously…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-05 Wen Wang , Wanli Ni , Hui Tian , Yonina C. Eldar , Rui Zhang

In terms of complex radio environments especially in dense urban areas, a very interesting topic is considered - the utilization of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces. Basically, based on simple controls of the angle of reflection of the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Łukasz Kułacz

With both the standardization and commercialization completed in an unforeseen pace for the 5th generation (5G) wireless network, researchers, engineers and executives from the academia and the industry have turned their sights on candidate…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Ruiqi Liu , Qingqing Wu , Marco Di Renzo , Yifei Yuan

A Reflective Intelligent Surface (RIS) consists of many small reflective elements whose reflection properties can be adjusted to change the wireless propagation environment. Envisioned implementations require that each RIS element be…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-13 Gal Ben Itzhak , Miguel Saavedra-Melo , Benjamin Bradshaw , Ender Ayanoglu , Filippo Capolino , A. Lee Swindlehurst

We propose a novel binary polarization shift keying modulation scheme for a line-of-sight environment by exploiting the polarization control ability of the reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS). The RIS encodes the information data in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Emad Ibrahim , Rickard Nilsson , Jaap van de Beek

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) will play a key role to establish reliable low-latency millimeter wave (mmWave) communication links for indoor automation and control applications. In case of a blocked line-of-sight between the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-23 Hamed Radpour , Markus Hofer , Lukas Walter Mayer , Andreas Hofmann , Martin Schiefer , Thomas Zemen

A reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) consists of massive meta elements, which results in a reflection path between a base station (BS) and user equipment (UE). In wireless localization, this reflection path aids in positioning…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-02 Wei Zhang , Wee Peng Tay

Curved reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) represent a promising frontier for next-generation wireless communication, enabling adaptive wavefront control on nonplanar platforms such as unmanned aerial vehicles and urban…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-02 Filippo Pepe , Ivan Iudice , Giuseppe Castaldi , Marco Di Renzo , Vincenzo Galdi

The design of Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) is typically based on treating the RIS as an infinitely large surface that steers incident plane waves toward the desired direction. In practical implementations, however, the RIS has…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-28 Sotiris Droulias , Giorgos Stratidakis , Emil Björnson , Angeliki Alexiou

Conventional active array radars often jointly design the transmit and receive beamforming for effectively suppressing interferences. To further promote the interference suppression performance, this paper introduces a reconfigurable…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-30 Shengyao Chen , Qi Feng , Longyao Ran , Feng Xi , Zhong Liu

Can reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) operate in a standalone mode that is completely transparent to the 3GPP 5G initial access process? Realizing that may greatly simplify the deployment and operation of these surfaces and reduce…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-28 Shuaifeng Jiang , Ahmed Hindy , Ahmed Alkhateeb

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have been considered as a promising technology for the sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks that can control wireless channels in a desirable way and significantly enhance the network…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-12-05 Waqas Khalid , Zeeshan Kaleem , Rehmat Ullah , Trinh Van Chien , Song Noh , Heejung Yu

In this paper, we use a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) to enhance the radar sensing and communication capabilities of a mmWave dual function radar communication system. To simultaneously localize the target and to serve the user,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-06 R. S. Prasobh Sankar , Battu Deepak , Sundeep Prabhakar Chepuri

The fluid antenna concept represents shape-flexible and position-flexible antenna technologies designed to enhance wireless communication applications. In this paper, we apply this concept to reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs),…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-25 Abdelhamid Salem , Kai-Kit Wong , George Alexandropoulos , Chan-Byoung Chae , Ross Murch

In this paper, a new reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) hardware architecture, called self-organized RIS (SORIS), is proposed. The architecture incorporates a microcontroller connected to a single-antenna receiver operating at the…

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have attracted increasing interest due to their ability to improve the coverage, reliability, and energy efficiency of millimeter wave (mmWave) communication systems. However, designing the RIS…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-15 Shuaifeng Jiang , Ahmed Hindy , Ahmed Alkhateeb